T29n1558_p0072b01:T29n1558_p0072b02:阿毘達磨俱舍論卷第十四
T29n1558_p0072b03:
T29n1558_p0072b04:
尊者世親造
T29n1558_p0072b05:[*]三藏法師玄奘奉 詔譯
T29n1558_p0072b06:分別業品第四之二T29n1558_p0072b07:傍論已了,復應辯前表無表相。頌曰:
T29n1558_p0072b08:T29n1558_p0072b09:論曰:此中無表,略說有三:一者律儀、二不
T29n1558_p0072b10:律儀、三者非二謂非律儀非不律儀。能遮
T29n1558_p0072b11:能滅惡戒相續故名律儀。如是律儀差別
T29n1558_p0072b12:有幾?頌曰:
T29n1558_p0072b13:T29n1558_p0072b14:論曰:律儀差別,略有三種:一別解脫律儀,謂
T29n1558_p0072b15:欲纏戒;二靜慮生律儀,謂色纏戒;三道生律
T29n1558_p0072b16:儀,謂無漏戒。初律儀相差別云何?頌曰:
T29n1558_p0072b17:T29n1558_p0072b19:論曰:別解脫律儀,相差別有八:一苾芻律儀、
T29n1558_p0072b20:二苾芻尼律儀、三正學律儀、四勤策律儀、五
T29n1558_p0072b21:勤策女律儀、六近事律儀、七近事女律儀、八
T29n1558_p0072b22:近住律儀。如是八種律儀相差別,總名第一
T29n1558_p0072b23:別解脫律儀。雖有八名,實體唯四:一苾芻
T29n1558_p0072b24:律儀、二勤策律儀、三近事律儀、四近住律儀。
T29n1558_p0072b25:唯此四種別[4]解律儀皆有體實,相各別故。
T29n1558_p0072b26:所以者何?離[5]苾芻律儀,無別[6]苾芻尼律
T29n1558_p0072b27:儀;離勤策律儀,無別[7]正學、[8]勤策女律
T29n1558_p0072b28:儀;離近事律儀,無別近事女律儀。云何
T29n1558_p0072b29:知然?由形改轉,體雖無捨得,而名有異
T29n1558_p0072c01:故。形謂形相,即男女根。由此二根男女形
T29n1558_p0072c02:別,但由形轉,令諸律儀名為苾芻、苾芻尼
T29n1558_p0072c03:等,謂轉根位,令本苾芻律儀名苾芻尼律
T29n1558_p0072c04:儀,或苾芻尼律儀名苾芻律儀;令本勤策律
T29n1558_p0072c05:儀名勤策女律儀,或勤策女律儀及正學律
T29n1558_p0072c06:儀名勤策律儀;令本近事律儀名近事女律
T29n1558_p0072c07:儀,或近事女律儀名近事律儀。非轉根位
T29n1558_p0072c08:有捨先得得先未得律儀因緣,故四律儀
T29n1558_p0072c09:非異三體。若從近事律儀受勤策律儀,復
T29n1558_p0072c10:從勤策律儀受苾芻律儀,此三律儀為由
T29n1558_p0072c11:增足遠離方便立別別名。如隻雙金錢及
T29n1558_p0072c12:五十二十,為體各別具足頓生。三種律儀體
T29n1558_p0072c13:不相[9]雜,其相各別具足頓生。三律儀中具
T29n1558_p0072c14:三離殺,乃至具足三離飲酒,餘數多少隨其
T29n1558_p0072c15:所應。既爾相望同類何別?由因緣別,相望有
T29n1558_p0072c16:異。其事云何?如如求受多種學處,如是如
T29n1558_p0072c17:是能離多種憍逸處時,即離眾多殺等緣
T29n1558_p0072c18:起。以諸遠離依因緣發,故因緣別遠離有
T29n1558_p0072c19:異。若無此事,捨苾芻律儀,爾時則應三律
T29n1558_p0072c20:儀皆捨,前二攝在後一中故。既不許然,故
T29n1558_p0072c21:三各別。然此三種互不相違,於一身中俱時
T29n1558_p0072c22:而轉,非由受後捨前律儀,勿捨苾芻戒
T29n1558_p0072c23:便非近事等。近事、近住、勤策、苾芻四種律儀
T29n1558_p0072c24:云何安立?頌曰:
T29n1558_p0072c25:T29n1558_p0072c27:論曰:應知此中如數次第,依四遠離立四
T29n1558_p0072c28:律儀。謂受離五所應遠離,安立第一近事
T29n1558_p0072c29:律儀。何等名為五所應離?一者殺生、二不與
T29n1558_p0073a01:取、三欲邪行、四虛誑語、五飲諸酒。若受離
T29n1558_p0073a02:八所應遠離,安立第二近住律儀。何等名
T29n1558_p0073a03:為八所應離?一者殺生、二不與取、三非梵行、
T29n1558_p0073a04:四虛誑語、五飲諸酒、六塗飾香鬘舞歌觀聽、
T29n1558_p0073a05:七眠坐高廣嚴麗床座、八食非時食。若受離
T29n1558_p0073a06:十所應遠離,安立第三勤策律儀。何等名
T29n1558_p0073a07:為十所應離?謂於前八塗飾香鬘舞歌觀聽
T29n1558_p0073a08:開為二種,復加受畜金銀等寶以為第十。
T29n1558_p0073a09:若受離一切應離身語業,安立第四苾芻
T29n1558_p0073a10:律儀。別解律儀名差別者,頌曰:
T29n1558_p0073a11:T29n1558_p0073a13:論曰:能平險業故名尸羅。訓釋詞者,謂清
T29n1558_p0073a14:涼故。如伽他言:受持戒樂,身無熱惱,故
T29n1558_p0073a15:名尸羅。智者稱揚,故名妙行。所作自體,故名
T29n1558_p0073a16:為業。豈不無表亦名不作,如何今說所作
T29n1558_p0073a17:自體?有慚恥者受無表力不造眾惡,故名
T29n1558_p0073a18:不作。表思所造,得所作名。有餘釋言:是作因
T29n1558_p0073a19:故、是作果故,名作無失。能防身語,故名律
T29n1558_p0073a20:儀。如是應知,[1]別解脫戒通初後位無差
T29n1558_p0073a21:別名,唯初剎那表及無表,得別解脫及業道
T29n1558_p0073a22:名。謂受戒時初表無表,別別棄捨種種惡
T29n1558_p0073a23:故。依初別捨義,立別解脫名。即於爾時所
T29n1558_p0073a24:作究竟,依業暢義立業道名,故初剎那名
T29n1558_p0073a25:別解脫,亦得名曰別解律儀,亦得名為根
T29n1558_p0073a26:本業道。從第二念乃至未捨,不名別解脫,
T29n1558_p0073a27:名別解律儀;不名業道,名為後起。誰成就
T29n1558_p0073a28:何律儀?頌曰:
T29n1558_p0073a29:T29n1558_p0073b02:論曰:[2]八眾皆成就別解脫律儀,謂從苾芻
T29n1558_p0073b03:乃至近住。外道無有所受戒耶?雖有,不名
T29n1558_p0073b04:別解脫戒。由彼所受無有功能永脫諸惡
T29n1558_p0073b05:依著有故。靜慮生者,謂此律儀從靜慮生、
T29n1558_p0073b06:或依靜慮。若得靜慮者,定成此律儀。諸靜
T29n1558_p0073b07:慮邊亦名靜慮,如近村邑得村邑名故。有
T29n1558_p0073b08:說言於此村邑有稻田等,此亦應然。道生
T29n1558_p0073b09:律儀聖者成就,此復有二:謂學、無學。於前
T29n1558_p0073b10:分別俱有因中說二律儀是隨心轉,於此
T29n1558_p0073b11:三內其二者何?謂靜慮生及道生二,非別解
T29n1558_p0073b12:脫。所以者何?異心無心亦恒轉故。靜慮、無漏
T29n1558_p0073b13:二種律儀,亦名斷律儀。依何位建立?頌曰:
T29n1558_p0073b14:T29n1558_p0073b15:論曰:[3]未至定中九無間道,俱生靜慮無漏律
T29n1558_p0073b16:儀,以能永斷欲纏惡戒及能起惑名斷律
T29n1558_p0073b17:儀。由此或有靜慮律儀非斷律儀,應作四
T29n1558_p0073b18:句。第一句者,除未至定九無間道有漏律儀,
T29n1558_p0073b19:所餘有漏靜慮律儀。第二句者,依未至定九
T29n1558_p0073b20:無間道無漏律儀。第三句者,依未至定九無
T29n1558_p0073b21:間道有漏律儀。第四句者,除未至定九無間
T29n1558_p0073b22:道無漏律儀,所餘一切無漏律儀。如是或有
T29n1558_p0073b23:無漏律儀非斷律儀,應作四句,准前四句
T29n1558_p0073b24:如應當知。若爾,世尊所說略[4]戒:
T29n1558_p0073b25:T29n1558_p0073b27:又契經說:應善守護、應善安住眼根律儀。
T29n1558_p0073b28:此意根律儀,以何為自性?此二自性非無表
T29n1558_p0073b29:色。若爾,是何?頌曰:
T29n1558_p0073c01:T29n1558_p0073c02:論曰:為顯如是二種律儀,俱以正知正念
T29n1558_p0073c03:為體,故列名已復說合言,謂意律儀慧念
T29n1558_p0073c04:為體,即合二種為根律儀。故離合言顯勿
T29n1558_p0073c05:如次。今應思擇,表及無表誰成就何?齊
T29n1558_p0073c06:何時分?且辯成無表律儀不律儀。頌曰:
T29n1558_p0073c07:T29n1558_p0073c08:T29n1558_p0073c09:T29n1558_p0073c10: T29n1558_p0073c11:論曰:住別解脫補特伽羅,未捨以來恒成
T29n1558_p0073c12:現世,此別解脫律儀無表。初剎那後亦成過
T29n1558_p0073c13:去,前未捨言遍流至後,無散無表有成未
T29n1558_p0073c14:來,不隨心色勢微劣故。如說安住別解律
T29n1558_p0073c15:儀,住不律儀應知亦爾,謂至未捨惡戒
T29n1558_p0073c16:以來恒成現世,惡戒無表初剎那後亦成過
T29n1558_p0073c17:去。諸有獲得靜慮律儀,乃至未捨恒成過
T29n1558_p0073c18:未,餘生所失過去定律儀,今初剎那必還得
T29n1558_p0073c19:彼故。一切聖者無漏律儀,過去未來亦恒成
T29n1558_p0073c20:就,有差別者,謂初剎那必成未來非成過
T29n1558_p0073c21:去,此類聖道先未起故。若有現住靜慮彼
T29n1558_p0073c22:道,如次成現在靜慮道律儀,非出觀時有
T29n1558_p0073c23:成現在。已辯安住善惡律儀,住中云何?頌
T29n1558_p0073c24:曰:
T29n1558_p0073c25:T29n1558_p0073c26:論曰:言住中者,謂非律儀非不律儀,彼所
T29n1558_p0073c27:起業未必一切皆有無表。若有無表,即是
T29n1558_p0073c28:善戒或是惡戒種類所攝,彼初剎那但成現
T29n1558_p0073c29:在。然現在世處過未中,故以成中說成現
T29n1558_p0074a01:在。初剎那後未捨[1]以來,恒成過現二世無
T29n1558_p0074a02:表。若有安住律不律儀,亦有成惡善無表
T29n1558_p0074a03:不。設有成就,為經幾時?頌曰:
T29n1558_p0074a04:T29n1558_p0074a06:論曰:若住律儀,由勝煩惱作殺縛等諸不
T29n1558_p0074a07:善業,由此便發不善無表;住不律儀,由淳
T29n1558_p0074a08:淨信作禮佛等諸勝善業,由此亦發諸善
T29n1558_p0074a09:無表。乃至此二心未斷來,所發無表恒時相
T29n1558_p0074a10:續,然其初念唯成現在,自茲[*]以後通成過
T29n1558_p0074a11:現。已辯無表,成表云何?頌曰:
T29n1558_p0074a12:T29n1558_p0074a14:論[2]曰:諸有安住律不律儀及住中者,乃至
T29n1558_p0074a15:正作諸表業來恒成現表。初剎那後至未
T29n1558_p0074a16:捨來恒成過去,必無成就未來表者,如
T29n1558_p0074a17:無表釋。有覆無覆二無記表,定無有能成
T29n1558_p0074a18:就過未,法力既劣得力亦微,是故無能逆追
T29n1558_p0074a19:成者。此法力劣誰之所為?是心所為。若爾,有
T29n1558_p0074a20:覆無記心等勿成過未。此責非理,表昧鈍
T29n1558_p0074a21:故、依他起故;心等不然,無記表業從劣心
T29n1558_p0074a22:起,其力倍劣彼能起心,故表與心成有差
T29n1558_p0074a23:別。如前所說住不律儀,[3]此不律儀名差別
T29n1558_p0074a24:者,頌曰:
T29n1558_p0074a25:T29n1558_p0074a26:論曰:此惡行等五種異名,是不律儀名之差
T29n1558_p0074a27:別,是諸智者所訶厭故、果非愛故立惡行
T29n1558_p0074a28:名。障淨尸羅故名惡戒、身語所造故名為
T29n1558_p0074a29:業。根本所攝故名業道。不禁身語名不律
T29n1558_p0074b01:儀。然業道名唯目初念,通初後位立餘四
T29n1558_p0074b02:名,或成表業非無表等,應作四句。其事云
T29n1558_p0074b03:何?頌曰:
T29n1558_p0074b04:T29n1558_p0074b06:論曰:唯成就表非無表者,謂住[4]非律儀
T29n1558_p0074b07:非不律儀,以微劣思造善造惡,唯發表業
T29n1558_p0074b08:尚無無表,況無記思所發表業,除有依福及
T29n1558_p0074b09:成業道。唯成無表非表業者,謂易生聖補
T29n1558_p0074b10:特伽羅,表業未生或生已捨,俱成非句如應
T29n1558_p0074b11:當知。說住律儀不律儀等成就表業無表
T29n1558_p0074b12:業已,此諸律儀由何而得?頌曰:
T29n1558_p0074b13:T29n1558_p0074b15:論曰:靜慮律儀由得有漏根本近分靜慮地
T29n1558_p0074b16:心,爾時便得,與心俱故。無漏律儀由得無
T29n1558_p0074b17:漏根本近分靜慮地心,爾時便得,亦心俱故。
T29n1558_p0074b18:彼聲為顯前靜慮心。復說聖言簡取無漏,
T29n1558_p0074b19:六靜慮地有無漏心,謂未至、中間及四根本
T29n1558_p0074b20:定,非三近分,如後當辯。別解脫律儀由他
T29n1558_p0074b21:教等得,能教他者說名為他,從如是他教
T29n1558_p0074b22:力發戒,故說此戒由他教得。此復二種,謂
T29n1558_p0074b23:從僧伽、補特伽羅有差別故。從僧伽得者,
T29n1558_p0074b24:謂[5]苾芻[*]苾芻尼及正學戒。從補特伽羅得
T29n1558_p0074b25:者,謂餘五種戒。諸毘柰耶毘婆沙師,說有十
T29n1558_p0074b26:種得具戒法,為攝彼故復說等言。何者為
T29n1558_p0074b27:十?一由自然,謂佛獨覺。二由得入正性離
T29n1558_p0074b28:生,謂五苾芻。三由佛命[6]善來苾芻,謂耶舍
T29n1558_p0074b29:等。四由信受佛為大師,謂[7]大迦葉。五[8]由
T29n1558_p0074c01:善巧酬答所問,謂[9]蘇陀夷。六由敬受八
T29n1558_p0074c02:[10]尊重法,謂大生主。七由遣使,謂[11]法授尼。
T29n1558_p0074c03:八由持律為第五人,謂於邊國。九由十眾,
T29n1558_p0074c04:謂於中國。十由三說歸佛法僧,謂六十賢
T29n1558_p0074c05:部共集受具戒。如是所得別解律儀,非必
T29n1558_p0074c06:定依表業而發。又此所說別解律儀,應齊
T29n1558_p0074c07:幾時要期而受?頌曰:
T29n1558_p0074c08:T29n1558_p0074c09:論曰:七眾所持別解脫戒,唯應盡壽要期而
T29n1558_p0074c10:受。近住所持別解脫戒,唯一晝夜要期而受。
T29n1558_p0074c11:此時定爾。所以者何?戒時邊際但有二種:
T29n1558_p0074c12:一壽命邊際、二晝夜邊際,重說晝夜為半
T29n1558_p0074c13:月等。時名是何法?謂諸行增語。於四洲中
T29n1558_p0074c14:光位闇位,如其次第立晝夜名,二邊際中盡
T29n1558_p0074c15:壽可爾。於命終後雖有要期而不能生
T29n1558_p0074c16:別解脫戒,依身別故,別依身中無加行故、
T29n1558_p0074c17:無憶念故。一晝夜後或五[12]或十晝夜等中
T29n1558_p0074c18:受近住戒。何法為障,令彼眾多近住律儀
T29n1558_p0074c19:非亦得起?必應有法能為障礙,以薄伽梵
T29n1558_p0074c20:於契經中說近住律儀唯一晝夜故。於如
T29n1558_p0074c21:是義應共尋思,為佛正觀一晝夜後理無
T29n1558_p0074c22:容起近住律儀,故於經中說一晝夜?為
T29n1558_p0074c23:觀所化根難調者,[13]旦應授與一晝夜戒?依
T29n1558_p0074c24:何理教作如是言?過此戒生,不違理故。毘
T29n1558_p0074c25:婆沙者作如是言:曾無契經說過晝夜有
T29n1558_p0074c26:別受得近住律儀,是故我宗不許斯義。依
T29n1558_p0074c27:何邊際得不律儀?頌曰:
T29n1558_p0074c28:T29n1558_p0074c29:論曰:要期盡壽造諸惡業得不律儀,非
T29n1558_p0075a01:一晝夜如近住戒。所以者何?謂此非如善
T29n1558_p0075a02:戒受故。謂必無有立限對師受不律儀
T29n1558_p0075a03:如近住戒,我一晝夜定受不律儀,此是智人
T29n1558_p0075a04:所訶厭業故。若爾,亦無有立限對師我乃
T29n1558_p0075a05:至命終定受惡戒,勿盡形壽得不律儀。雖
T29n1558_p0075a06:無對師要期盡壽作諸惡業,由起畢竟
T29n1558_p0075a07:壞善意樂得不律儀,非起暫時壞善意樂
T29n1558_p0075a08:無師令彼得不律儀,故不律儀無一晝夜。
T29n1558_p0075a09:然近住戒,由現對師要期受力,雖無畢竟
T29n1558_p0075a10:壞惡意樂而得律儀,設有對師要期暫受
T29n1558_p0075a11:不律儀者亦必應得。然未曾見,故不立有。
T29n1558_p0075a12:經部師說:如善律儀無別實物名為無表,此
T29n1558_p0075a13:不律儀亦應非實。即欲造惡不善意樂相
T29n1558_p0075a14:續不捨名不律儀,由此後時善心雖起而
T29n1558_p0075a15:名成就不律儀者,以不捨此阿世[1]耶故。
T29n1558_p0075a16:說一晝夜近住律儀,欲正受時當如何受?
T29n1558_p0075a17:頌曰:
T29n1558_p0075a18:T29n1558_p0075a20:論曰:近住律儀於晨旦受,謂受此戒要日
T29n1558_p0075a21:出時,此戒要經一晝夜故。諸有先作如是
T29n1558_p0075a22:要期,謂我恒於月八日等,必當受此近住
T29n1558_p0075a23:律儀。若旦有礙緣,齋竟亦得受。言下座者,
T29n1558_p0075a24:謂在師前居卑劣座,或蹲或跪曲躬合掌,
T29n1558_p0075a25:唯除有病,若不恭敬不發律儀。此必從
T29n1558_p0075a26:師,無容自受。以後若遇諸犯戒緣,由愧
T29n1558_p0075a27:戒師,能不違犯。受此戒者,應隨師教受
T29n1558_p0075a28:者後說,勿前勿俱,如是方成從師教受,
T29n1558_p0075a29:異此授受二俱不成。具受八支方成近住,
T29n1558_p0075b01:隨有所闕近住不成。受此律儀必離嚴飾,
T29n1558_p0075b02:憍逸處故。常嚴身具不必須捨,緣彼不能
T29n1558_p0075b03:生甚憍逸如新異故。受此律儀必須晝
T29n1558_p0075b04:夜,謂至明旦日初出時。若不如斯依法受
T29n1558_p0075b05:者,但生妙行不得律儀。又若如斯盡晝
T29n1558_p0075b06:夜受,具制屠獵姦盜有情,近住律儀深成
T29n1558_p0075b07:有用。言近住者,謂此律儀近阿羅漢住,以
T29n1558_p0075b08:隨學彼故。有說:此近盡壽戒住。如是律
T29n1558_p0075b09:儀或名長養,長養薄少善根有情,令其善
T29n1558_p0075b10:根漸增多故。如有頌言:
T29n1558_p0075b11:T29n1558_p0075b13:何緣受此必具八支?頌曰:
T29n1558_p0075b14:T29n1558_p0075b16:論曰:八中前四是尸羅支,謂離殺生至虛誑
T29n1558_p0075b17:語,由此四種離性罪故。次有一種是不放
T29n1558_p0075b18:逸支,謂離飲諸酒生放逸處。雖受尸羅,若
T29n1558_p0075b19:飲諸酒則心放逸,犯尸羅故。後有三種是
T29n1558_p0075b20:禁約支,謂離塗飾香鬘乃至食非時食,以能
T29n1558_p0075b21:隨順厭離心故。何緣具受如是三支?若不
T29n1558_p0075b22:具支,便不能離性罪失念憍逸過失。謂初
T29n1558_p0075b23:離殺至虛誑語能防性罪,離貪瞋癡所起
T29n1558_p0075b24:殺等諸惡業故。[2]次離飲酒能防失念,以飲
T29n1558_p0075b25:酒時能令忘失應不應作諸事業故。後離
T29n1558_p0075b26:三種能防憍逸,以若受用種種香鬘高廣
T29n1558_p0075b27:床座習近歌舞心便憍舉尋即毀戒,由遠
T29n1558_p0075b28:彼故心便離憍。若有能持依時食者,以能
T29n1558_p0075b29:遮止恒食時故,便憶自受近住律儀,能於
T29n1558_p0075c01:世間深生厭離。若非時食二事俱無,數食能
T29n1558_p0075c02:令心縱逸故。有餘師說:離非時食名為齋
T29n1558_p0075c03:體,餘有八種說名齋支,塗飾香鬘舞歌觀
T29n1558_p0075c04:聽分為二故。若作此執,便違契經。經中說
T29n1558_p0075c05:離非時食已,便作是說:此第八支我今隨
T29n1558_p0075c06:聖阿羅漢學,隨行隨作。若爾,有何別齋體
T29n1558_p0075c07:而說此八名齋支?總摽齋號,別說為支,以
T29n1558_p0075c08:別成總得支名故。如車眾分及四支軍五
T29n1558_p0075c09:支散等,齋戒八支應知亦爾。毘婆沙師作如
T29n1558_p0075c10:是說:離非時食是齋亦齋支,所餘七支是齋
T29n1558_p0075c11:支非齋。如正見是道亦道支,餘七支是道支
T29n1558_p0075c12:非道。擇法覺是覺亦覺支,餘六支是覺支非
T29n1558_p0075c13:覺。三摩地是靜慮亦靜慮支,所餘支是靜慮
T29n1558_p0075c14:支非靜慮。如是所說不應正理,不可正見
T29n1558_p0075c15:等,即正見等支。若謂前生正見等為後生正
T29n1558_p0075c16:見等支,則初剎那聖道等應不具有八支
T29n1558_p0075c17:等。為[3]唯近事得受近住、為餘亦有受近
T29n1558_p0075c18:住耶?頌曰:
T29n1558_p0075c19:T29n1558_p0075c20:論曰:諸有未受近事律儀,一晝夜中歸依
T29n1558_p0075c21:三寶,說三歸已受近住戒,彼亦受得近住
T29n1558_p0075c22:律儀。異此則無,除不知者。如契經說:佛告
T29n1558_p0075c23:大名:諸有在家白衣男子男根成就,歸佛法
T29n1558_p0075c24:僧起殷淨心,發誠諦語自稱我是鄔波索
T29n1558_p0075c25:迦,願尊憶持慈悲護念,齊是名曰鄔波索
T29n1558_p0075c26:迦。為但受三歸即成近事?外國諸師說:唯
T29n1558_p0075c27:此即成。迦濕彌羅國諸論師言:離近事律儀
T29n1558_p0075c28:則非近事。若爾,應與此經相違。此不相違,
T29n1558_p0075c29:已發戒故。何時發戒?頌曰:
T29n1558_p0076a01:T29n1558_p0076a02:論曰:起殷淨心發誠諦語,自稱我是鄔波
T29n1558_p0076a03:索迦,願尊憶持慈悲護念。爾時即發近事律
T29n1558_p0076a04:儀。稱近事等言,便發律儀故。以經復說:我
T29n1558_p0076a05:從今[1]時乃至命終捨生言故。此經意說捨
T29n1558_p0076a06:殺生等,略去殺等但說捨生,故於前時已
T29n1558_p0076a07:得五戒。彼雖已得近事律儀,為令了知所
T29n1558_p0076a08:應學處故,復為說離殺生等五種戒相令
T29n1558_p0076a09:識堅持。如得苾芻具足戒已,[2]說重學處
T29n1558_p0076a10:令識堅持。勤策亦然。此亦應爾,是故近事
T29n1558_p0076a11:必具律儀。頌曰:
T29n1558_p0076a12:T29n1558_p0076a14:論曰:若諸近事皆具律儀,何緣世尊言有
T29n1558_p0076a15:四種:一能學一分、二能學少分、三能學多
T29n1558_p0076a16:分、四能學滿分?謂約能持故作是說。能持
T29n1558_p0076a17:先所受,故說能學言。不爾,應言受一分等。
T29n1558_p0076a18:理實約受等具律儀,以具律儀故名近事。
T29n1558_p0076a19:如是所執違越契經。如何違經?謂無經說
T29n1558_p0076a20:自稱我是近事等言便發五戒,此經不說
T29n1558_p0076a21:我從今者乃至命終捨生言故。經如何說?如
T29n1558_p0076a22:《[3]大名經》。唯此經中說近事相,餘經不爾,故
T29n1558_p0076a23:違越經。然餘經說:我從今[*]時乃至命終捨
T29n1558_p0076a24:生歸淨,是歸三寶發誠信言。此中顯示[4]以
T29n1558_p0076a25:見諦者,由得證淨舉命自要,表於正法
T29n1558_p0076a26:深懷愛重,乃至為救自生命緣,終不捨於
T29n1558_p0076a27:如來正法。非彼為欲說近事相故說如是
T29n1558_p0076a28:捨生等言,設說亦非分明理教。誰能准此不
T29n1558_p0076a29:明了文,便信前時已發五戒?又約持犯戒
T29n1558_p0076b01:說學一分等尚不應問,況應為答。誰有已
T29n1558_p0076b02:解近事律儀必具五支,而不能解於所學
T29n1558_p0076b03:處持一非餘,乃至具持名一分等?由彼未
T29n1558_p0076b04:解近事律儀受量少多,故應請問:凡有幾
T29n1558_p0076b05:種鄔波索迦能學學處?答言:有四鄔波索
T29n1558_p0076b06:迦,謂能學一分等。猶未能了。復問何名能
T29n1558_p0076b07:學一分?乃至廣說,若闕律儀得名近事。苾
T29n1558_p0076b08:芻勤策,闕亦應成。彼既不成,此亦應爾。何
T29n1558_p0076b09:緣近事乃至苾芻,所受律儀支量定爾?由佛
T29n1558_p0076b10:教力施設故然。若爾,何緣不許由佛教力
T29n1558_p0076b11:施設,雖闕律儀而名近事非苾芻等?迦濕
T29n1558_p0076b12:彌羅國毘婆沙師,不許闕律儀得成近事。
T29n1558_p0076b13:此近事等一切律儀,由何得成下中上品?
T29n1558_p0076b14:頌曰:
T29n1558_p0076b15:T29n1558_p0076b16:論曰:八眾所受別解脫律儀,皆隨受心有
T29n1558_p0076b17:下中上品。由如[5]是理,諸阿羅漢或有成
T29n1558_p0076b18:就下品律儀,然諸異生或成上品。為有但
T29n1558_p0076b19:受近事律儀不受三歸成近事不?不成
T29n1558_p0076b20:近事,除有不知。諸有歸依佛法僧者,為
T29n1558_p0076b21:歸何等?頌曰:
T29n1558_p0076b22:T29n1558_p0076b24:論曰:歸依佛者,謂但歸依能成佛無學法,
T29n1558_p0076b25:由彼勝故身得佛名,或由得彼法佛能覺
T29n1558_p0076b26:一切。何等名為佛無學法?謂盡智等及彼隨
T29n1558_p0076b27:行。非色等身,前後等故。為歸一佛、一切佛
T29n1558_p0076b28:耶?理實應言歸一切佛,以諸佛道相無異
T29n1558_p0076b29:故。歸依僧者,謂[6]通歸依諸能成僧學無學
T29n1558_p0076c01:法,由得彼故僧成八種補特伽羅,不可破
T29n1558_p0076c02:故。為歸一佛僧、一切佛僧耶?理實通歸一切
T29n1558_p0076c03:佛僧,以諸僧道相無異故。然契經說,當來
T29n1558_p0076c04:有僧汝應歸者,彼經但為顯示當來現見
T29n1558_p0076c05:僧寶。歸依法者,謂歸涅槃。此涅槃言唯顯擇
T29n1558_p0076c06:滅自他相續煩惱及苦,寂滅一相,故通歸依。
T29n1558_p0076c07:若唯無學法即是佛者,如何於佛所惡心出
T29n1558_p0076c08:血,但損生身成無間罪?毘婆沙者作是釋
T29n1558_p0076c09:言:壞彼所依,彼隨壞故。然尋本論,不見有
T29n1558_p0076c10:言唯無學法即名為佛,但言無學法能成
T29n1558_p0076c11:於佛。既不遮佛體亦攝依身,故於此中不
T29n1558_p0076c12:容前難。若異此者,應佛與僧住世俗心
T29n1558_p0076c13:非僧非佛。又應唯執成苾芻戒即是苾芻。
T29n1558_p0076c14:然如有欲供養苾芻者,彼唯供養成苾
T29n1558_p0076c15:芻尸羅。如是有欲歸依佛者,亦應但歸
T29n1558_p0076c16:成佛無學法。有餘師說:歸依佛者,總歸依
T29n1558_p0076c17:如來十八不共法。此能歸依何法為體?語表
T29n1558_p0076c18:為體。如是歸依以何為義?救濟為義。由
T29n1558_p0076c19:彼為依,能永解脫一切苦故。如世尊言:
T29n1558_p0076c20:T29n1558_p0076c21:T29n1558_p0076c22:T29n1558_p0076c23:T29n1558_p0076c24:T29n1558_p0076c25:T29n1558_p0076c26:T29n1558_p0076c27:T29n1558_p0076c28:T29n1558_p0076c29: T29n1558_p0077a01:是故歸依,普於一切受律儀處為方便門。何
T29n1558_p0077a02:緣世尊於餘律儀處立離非梵行為其所
T29n1558_p0077a03:學?唯於近事一律儀中但制令其離欲邪
T29n1558_p0077a04:行。頌曰:
T29n1558_p0077a05:T29n1558_p0077a06:論曰:唯欲邪行世極訶責,以能侵毀他妻
T29n1558_p0077a07:等故、感惡趣故非[1]非梵行,又欲邪行易
T29n1558_p0077a08:遠離故。諸在家者耽著欲故,離非梵行難
T29n1558_p0077a09:可受持,觀彼不能長時修學,故不制彼
T29n1558_p0077a10:離非梵行。又諸聖者於欲邪行一切定得
T29n1558_p0077a11:不作律儀,經生聖者亦不行故。離非梵行則
T29n1558_p0077a12:不如是,故於近事所受律儀,但為制立離
T29n1558_p0077a13:欲邪行。勿經生聖者犯近事律儀。[2]不作律
T29n1558_p0077a14:儀謂定不作,諸有先受近事律儀後[3]娶妻
T29n1558_p0077a15:妾,於彼妻妾先受戒時得律儀不?理實應
T29n1558_p0077a16:得。勿但於一分得別解律儀。若爾,云何後
T29n1558_p0077a17:非犯戒?頌曰:
T29n1558_p0077a18:T29n1558_p0077a19:論曰:如本受誓而得律儀。本受誓云何?謂
T29n1558_p0077a20:離欲邪行。非於一切有情相續言我皆當
T29n1558_p0077a21:離非梵行,由此普於有情相續唯得離欲
T29n1558_p0077a22:邪行戒。非離非梵行律儀故,後[4]納妻妾非
T29n1558_p0077a23:毀犯前戒。何緣但制離虛誑語?非離間語
T29n1558_p0077a24:等為近事律儀,亦由前說三種因故。謂虛
T29n1558_p0077a25:誑語最可訶故,諸在家者易遠離故,一切
T29n1558_p0077a26:聖者得不作故。復有別因,頌曰:
T29n1558_p0077a27:T29n1558_p0077a28:論曰:越諸學處被檢問時,若開虛誑語,便
T29n1558_p0077a29:言我不作,因斯於戒多所違越。故佛為
T29n1558_p0077b01:欲令彼堅持,於一切律儀制離虛誑語。
T29n1558_p0077b02:云何令彼若犯戒時便自發露能防後犯?復
T29n1558_p0077b03:以何緣不於遠離遮罪建立近事律儀?誰
T29n1558_p0077b04:言此中不離遮罪。離何遮罪?謂離飲酒。何
T29n1558_p0077b05:緣於彼諸遮罪中不制離餘,唯遮飲酒?頌
T29n1558_p0077b06:曰:
T29n1558_p0077b07:T29n1558_p0077b08:論曰:諸飲酒者心多縱逸,不能守護諸餘
T29n1558_p0077b09:律儀,故為護餘令離飲酒。寧知飲酒遮罪
T29n1558_p0077b10:攝耶?由此中無性罪相故,以諸性罪唯染
T29n1558_p0077b11:心行。為療病時雖飲諸酒,不為醉亂能
T29n1558_p0077b12:無染心。豈不先知酒能醉亂,而故欲飲即
T29n1558_p0077b13:是染心。此非染心由自知量,為療病故
T29n1558_p0077b14:分限而飲,不令醉亂故非染心。諸持律者
T29n1558_p0077b15:言:飲酒是[5]性罪。如彼尊者鄔波離言:我當
T29n1558_p0077b16:如何供給病者?世尊告曰:唯除性罪,餘隨
T29n1558_p0077b17:所應皆可供給。然有染疾釋種須酒,世尊
T29n1558_p0077b18:不開彼飲酒故。又契經說:諸有苾芻稱我
T29n1558_p0077b19:為師不應飲酒,乃至極少如一茅端所霑
T29n1558_p0077b20:酒量亦不應飲。故知飲酒是性罪攝。又諸
T29n1558_p0077b21:聖者雖易多生亦不犯故,如殺生等。又
T29n1558_p0077b22:經說是身惡行故。對法諸師言非性罪,然
T29n1558_p0077b23:為病者總開遮戒。復於異時遮飲酒者,
T29n1558_p0077b24:為防因此犯性罪故。又令醉亂量無定
T29n1558_p0077b25:限,故遮乃至飲茅端所霑量。又一切聖皆不
T29n1558_p0077b26:飲者,以諸聖者具慚羞故,飲酒能令失
T29n1558_p0077b27:正念故。乃至少分亦不飲者,以如毒藥量
T29n1558_p0077b28:無定故。又經說是身惡行者,酒是一切放
T29n1558_p0077b29:逸處故。由是獨立放逸處名,餘不立此名,
T29n1558_p0077c01:皆是性罪故。然說數習墮惡趣者,顯數飲
T29n1558_p0077c02:酒能令身中諸不善法相續轉故,又能[6]引
T29n1558_p0077c03:發惡趣業故,或能令彼轉增盛故。如契經
T29n1558_p0077c04:說:窣羅、迷麗耶、末陀放逸處。依何義說?醞
T29n1558_p0077c05:食成酒名為窣羅,醞餘物所成名迷麗耶
T29n1558_p0077c06:酒。即前二酒未熟已壞,不能令醉不名末
T29n1558_p0077c07:陀,若令醉時名末陀酒。簡無用位重立此
T29n1558_p0077c08:名。然以[A1]檳榔及稗子等亦能令醉,為簡彼
T29n1558_p0077c09:故,須說窣羅、迷麗耶酒。雖是遮罪,而令放
T29n1558_p0077c10:逸廣造眾惡,為令殷重遮斷故說。放逸處
T29n1558_p0077c11:言,酒是放逸所依處故。
T29n1558_p0077c12:[*]說一切有部俱舍論[*]卷第十四