聞如是:
一時,佛在舍衛國祇樹給孤獨園,與
T17n0820_p0834a20:大比丘眾千二百五十,菩薩無數,四輩之眾,
T17n0820_p0834a21:天、龍、鬼神、阿須倫會。時,給孤獨氏與五百居
T17n0820_p0834a22:士出舍衛城行詣佛所,稽首足下却坐一面。
T17n0820_p0834a23:叉手問佛:「居處治家財有幾輩?出家修道行
T17n0820_p0834a24:異同乎?當奉何法疾成無上正真之道?復以
T17n0820_p0834a25:何宜化眾生耶?」
佛言:「善哉!問也。開發[4]曈曚
T17n0820_p0834a26:將來學施。」
佛言:「財有三輩:一曰下財;二曰中
T17n0820_p0834a27:財;三曰上財。何謂下財?有人治產積聚錢財,
T17n0820_p0834a28:不敢衣食,[5]不修經戒,不能孝順供養二親,不
T17n0820_p0834a29:樂隨時給足妻子,欲其消息充[6]饒飽賜,奴客、
T17n0820_p0834b01:[7]徒使衣裁蔽形、食係口腹,抱愚守惜如蜂愛
T17n0820_p0834b02:蜜;不信先聖,不奉高士、沙門、道人,不好布施
T17n0820_p0834b03:種福為德;心自計常,不慮對至——合者必散、禍
T17n0820_p0834b04:福自追——貪慕身地不覺惱[8]恨,咄嗟沒過入泥
T17n0820_p0834b05:[9]黎門。其身緣食四大[10]虺盛,神寄其中假號
T17n0820_p0834b06:為名,羸弱猶化危脆不固,不解非常倚世之
T17n0820_p0834b07:榮,心懷萬憂,謂亦長生,心存吾我,不達悉空。
T17n0820_p0834b08:三界[11]尚虛,況人、物乎?汲汲[12]迭惑貪、婬、嫉妬。
T17n0820_p0834b09:「如斯行者,奉養父母安和至心,出辭還返不
T17n0820_p0834b10:失顏色,晨定暮省小心翼翼,念二親恩而無
T17n0820_p0834b11:窮極,給足妻子應時衣食,恩情歸流與共同
T17n0820_p0834b12:歡,妻子如是也終無私行,瞻視奴客、眷屬、徒
T17n0820_p0834b13:使不令飢[13]乏;不信死後當復更生,謂死滅盡
T17n0820_p0834b14:歸於無形;供孝所生念乳養恩,給足妻子戀
T17n0820_p0834b15:恩愛情,瞻視僕使欲得其力;不能奉敬沙門、
T17n0820_p0834b16:道人,不肯行善布恩施德,後當得福與眾殊
T17n0820_p0834b17:特,是謂中財。」
佛於[14]是頌曰:
T17n0820_p0834b18:T17n0820_p0834b19:T17n0820_p0834b20:T17n0820_p0834b21:T17n0820_p0834b22:T17n0820_p0834b23:T17n0820_p0834b24:T17n0820_p0834b25: T17n0820_p0834b26:佛復告長者:「上財業者,謂其人若有財寶能
T17n0820_p0834b27:自衣食,孝順父母不失時節,恒瞻顏色不令
T17n0820_p0834b28:懷慼,出不犯禁入不違禮,造行清白不使[16]污
T17n0820_p0834b29:染,恭敬尊長謙遜智者,啟受博聞等心不邪,
T17n0820_p0834c01:下劣貧厄咸蒙[17]仗荷,給贍妻子常令[18]備豐,
T17n0820_p0834c02:除諸邪念修以正治,消息奴使不令窮匱,不
T17n0820_p0834c03:妄撾罵加之慈愍;奉敬先聖、至學、正士、出家
T17n0820_p0834c04:順法沙門賢明,夙夜行禮不失其意,布施所
T17n0820_p0834c05:乏使成道德,恣講經典并化癡冥;以善方便
T17n0820_p0834c06:不失其時,自安護彼一切眾生。猶如牸牛食
T17n0820_p0834c07:蒭出乳,[19]乳出酪,酪出酥,酥出醍醐,醍醐最柔
T17n0820_p0834c08:特妙。其自安身愍哀十方,多所慈念、多所安
T17n0820_p0834c09:隱,諸天人民皆得蒙度。是人最尊無上無比,
T17n0820_p0834c10:為無[20]儔匹、為世大雄,獨步無侶。」
佛於是頌曰:
T17n0820_p0834c11:T17n0820_p0834c12:T17n0820_p0834c13:T17n0820_p0834c14:T17n0820_p0834c15:T17n0820_p0834c16:T17n0820_p0834c17:T17n0820_p0834c18:T17n0820_p0834c19:T17n0820_p0834c20:T17n0820_p0834c21:T17n0820_p0834c22:T17n0820_p0834c23:T17n0820_p0834c24:T17n0820_p0834c25:T17n0820_p0834c26: T17n0820_p0834c27:佛告長者:「出家修道學有三品:一曰聲聞;二
T17n0820_p0834c28:曰緣覺;三曰大乘。何謂聲聞?畏苦厭身,思無
T17n0820_p0834c29:央數生死之難、周旋之患,視身如怨、四大猶
T17n0820_p0835a01:虺、五陰處賊,坐禪數息安般守意,觀身惡露
T17n0820_p0835a02:不淨之形,畏色、欲本——痛、想、行、識——怖地獄苦、餓
T17n0820_p0835a03:鬼之厄、畜生惱結、人中之難、天上別離,不可
T17n0820_p0835a04:稱計、輪轉無休如獄中囚,欲斷生死勤勞之
T17n0820_p0835a05:罪,求無為樂泥洹之安。但自為己不念眾生,
T17n0820_p0835a06:常執小慈不興大哀,倚于音聲不解空慧,三
T17n0820_p0835a07:界猶幻,趣自濟己不顧恩慈,是為聲聞學。」
佛
T17n0820_p0835a08:於是頌曰:
T17n0820_p0835a09:T17n0820_p0835a10:T17n0820_p0835a11:T17n0820_p0835a12:T17n0820_p0835a13:T17n0820_p0835a14: T17n0820_p0835a15:佛告長者:「緣覺者,本發大意為菩薩業——布施、
T17n0820_p0835a16:持戒、忍辱、精進、一心、智慧——以用望想求為尊
T17n0820_p0835a17:豪,天上、天下咸令自歸,三十二相八十種好,
T17n0820_p0835a18:威神德重巍巍堂堂無能及者,不解如來色
T17n0820_p0835a19:身所現——因世愚人不識大道,斷生死流不能
T17n0820_p0835a20:反[1]原,盡生死本故為現身,相好嚴容、文辭
T17n0820_p0835a21:言教以化愚冥、顯示大明——及著相好謂審有
T17n0820_p0835a22:色像。雖行四等、四恩、六度無極、三十七品,觀
T17n0820_p0835a23:十二緣欲拔其[*]原,不解本無,悕望大道;正使
T17n0820_p0835a24:積德如虛空界,不得至佛。所以者何?用不達
T17n0820_p0835a25:故。何謂不達?布施、持戒、忍辱、精進、一心、智慧、
T17n0820_p0835a26:四等、四恩有所悕望。念救一切五趣生死,解
T17n0820_p0835a27:空、無[2]想、不願諸法,曉一切法如幻、化、夢、野馬、
T17n0820_p0835a28:影響、芭蕉、泡沫,皆無所有,道慧無形等如虛
T17n0820_p0835a29:空,無所增壞普度眾生。」
佛於是頌曰:
T17n0820_p0835b01:T17n0820_p0835b02:T17n0820_p0835b03:T17n0820_p0835b04:T17n0820_p0835b05:T17n0820_p0835b06:T17n0820_p0835b07:T17n0820_p0835b08:T17n0820_p0835b09:T17n0820_p0835b10:T17n0820_p0835b11:T17n0820_p0835b12: T17n0820_p0835b13:佛告長者:「其大乘學,發無上正真道意,行于
T17n0820_p0835b14:大慈等如虛空,而修大悲無所適莫,不自憂
T17n0820_p0835b15:身但念五趣,一切眾生普欲使安,奉四等心
T17n0820_p0835b16:慈、悲、喜、護,惠施仁愛、[5]益義等[6]利,救濟十方;
T17n0820_p0835b17:布施、持戒、忍辱、精進、一心、智慧六度無極,無
T17n0820_p0835b18:所悕望以施一切眾生之類;觀于三界往返
T17n0820_p0835b19:周旋、勤苦艱難不可稱計,念之如父、如母、如
T17n0820_p0835b20:子、如身等而無異,為之雨淚,欲令度厄至于
T17n0820_p0835b21:大道。」
佛於是頌曰:
T17n0820_p0835b22:T17n0820_p0835b23:T17n0820_p0835b24:T17n0820_p0835b25: T17n0820_p0835b26:「又有四事得至大乘:一曰布施給諸窮乏;二
T17n0820_p0835b27:曰不擇豪、劣,行輕、重心;三曰所可施與,無所
T17n0820_p0835b28:悕望不求還報;四曰以此功德施[7]於眾生。」
佛
T17n0820_p0835b29:於是頌曰:
T17n0820_p0835c01:T17n0820_p0835c02:T17n0820_p0835c03:T17n0820_p0835c04: T17n0820_p0835c05:佛告長者:「奉戒有四事,疾成大乘:一曰守口
T17n0820_p0835c06:護身,心不念非;二曰出入、行步不失禮節;三
T17n0820_p0835c07:曰不願生天、轉輪聖王、釋、梵之位;四曰以是
T17n0820_p0835c08:禁戒惠施眾生。」
佛於是頌曰:
T17n0820_p0835c09:T17n0820_p0835c10:T17n0820_p0835c11:T17n0820_p0835c12: T17n0820_p0835c13:佛告長者:「忍辱有四事,疾成大乘:一曰若罵
T17n0820_p0835c14:詈者不計音聲;二曰若撾捶者計如無形;三
T17n0820_p0835c15:曰若毀辱者謂如風吹;四曰有加害者常懷
T17n0820_p0835c16:大哀。」
佛於是頌曰:
T17n0820_p0835c17:T17n0820_p0835c18:T17n0820_p0835c19:T17n0820_p0835c20: T17n0820_p0835c21:佛告長者:「精進有四事:一曰夙夜奉法未曾
T17n0820_p0835c22:懈廢;二曰寧失身命不違道教;三曰勤諷深
T17n0820_p0835c23:典不以懈惓;四曰廣欲救濟諸危厄者——是為
T17n0820_p0835c24:四。」佛於是頌曰:
T17n0820_p0835c25:T17n0820_p0835c26:T17n0820_p0835c27:T17n0820_p0835c28: T17n0820_p0835c29:佛告長者:「禪思有四事:一曰樂習精修閑居
T17n0820_p0836a01:獨處;二曰靜身、口、心令不憒亂;三曰雖在眾
T17n0820_p0836a02:閙常能定己;四曰其心曠然而無所著。」
佛於
T17n0820_p0836a03:是頌曰:
T17n0820_p0836a04:T17n0820_p0836a05:T17n0820_p0836a06:T17n0820_p0836a07: T17n0820_p0836a08:佛告長者:「智慧有四事:一曰解於身空,四大
T17n0820_p0836a09:合成、散壞本無主名;二曰其生三界皆心所
T17n0820_p0836a10:為,心如幻化倚立眾形;三曰了知五陰本無
T17n0820_p0836a11:處所,隨其所著因有斯情;四曰曉十二緣本
T17n0820_p0836a12:無根[2]原,因對而對現——是為四。」
佛於是頌曰:
T17n0820_p0836a13:T17n0820_p0836a14:T17n0820_p0836a15:T17n0820_p0836a16: T17n0820_p0836a17:佛告長者:「智慧復有六事:一曰解色如聚沫;
T17n0820_p0836a18:二曰了痛痒如水泡;三曰思想如野馬;四曰
T17n0820_p0836a19:曉生死如芭蕉;五曰察識如幻;六曰心神如
T17n0820_p0836a20:影、響,計本悉空皆無處所。」
佛於是頌曰:
T17n0820_p0836a21:T17n0820_p0836a22:T17n0820_p0836a23:T17n0820_p0836a24: T17n0820_p0836a25:佛告長者:「慈有四事:一曰慈念十方;二曰如
T17n0820_p0836a26:母育子;三曰極愍念之;四曰如身無異——是為
T17n0820_p0836a27:四。」
佛於是頌曰:
T17n0820_p0836a28:T17n0820_p0836b01:佛告長者:「哀有四事:一曰愍之;二曰為之雨
T17n0820_p0836b02:淚;三曰身欲代罪;四曰以命濟之。
「喜有四事:
T17n0820_p0836b03:一曰和顏;二曰善言;三曰說經;四曰解義。
「護
T17n0820_p0836b04:有四事:一曰教去惡[3]就善;二曰常訓誨歸命
T17n0820_p0836b05:三寶;三曰使發道意;四曰開化眾生——是為四。」
T17n0820_p0836b06:佛於是頌曰:
T17n0820_p0836b07:T17n0820_p0836b08:T17n0820_p0836b09:T17n0820_p0836b10: T17n0820_p0836b11:佛告長者:「有四法,疾成無上正真之道:一曰
T17n0820_p0836b12:解空,學無所求;二曰無[*]想、無所悕望;三曰無
T17n0820_p0836b13:願,不慕所生;四曰常等三乘之業,無去、來、今——
T17n0820_p0836b14:是為四。」
佛於是頌曰:
T17n0820_p0836b15:T17n0820_p0836b17:佛告長者:「有四事法,疾成佛道:一曰一切皆
T17n0820_p0836b18:悉本淨;二曰而解萬物普如幻化;三曰生死
T17n0820_p0836b19:斷滅皆從緣對;四曰計其緣對本亦無形。」
佛
T17n0820_p0836b20:於是頌曰:
T17n0820_p0836b21:T17n0820_p0836b23:佛告長者:「有六法疾成正覺:一曰身常行慈,
T17n0820_p0836b24:無怨無結;二曰口常行慈,演深慧義;三[6]者心
T17n0820_p0836b25:慈、仁和、調隱,哀念十方;四曰護戒不造,想求
T17n0820_p0836b26:大乘之業;五曰正觀見十方空,道、俗不二;六
T17n0820_p0836b27:曰供足[7]乏食,救身之業以濟危厄——是為六。」
佛
T17n0820_p0836b28:於是頌曰:
T17n0820_p0836b29:T17n0820_p0836c01:T17n0820_p0836c02:T17n0820_p0836c03: T17n0820_p0836c04:佛告長者:「有四事疾成佛道:一曰奉精進業
T17n0820_p0836c05:悉無所著;二曰教化眾生道心不斷;三曰遊
T17n0820_p0836c06:于生死不以患厭;四曰大慈大哀不捨權慧——
T17n0820_p0836c07:是為四。」
佛於是頌曰:
T17n0820_p0836c08:T17n0820_p0836c10:佛告長者:「開化眾生有四事:一曰不信生死
T17n0820_p0836c11:者,則以現事禍、福喻之;二曰不信三寶,顯示
T17n0820_p0836c12:大道;三曰迷惑邪徑,指語三乘,佛道獨尊而
T17n0820_p0836c13:無有侶;四曰三界所有悉如幻化無一真諦——
T17n0820_p0836c14:是為四。」
佛於是頌曰:
T17n0820_p0836c15:T17n0820_p0836c17:佛告長者:「開化復有七事:一曰慳貪者教令
T17n0820_p0836c18:布施;二曰犯惡者誨令奉戒;三曰瞋恚者勸
T17n0820_p0836c19:令忍辱;四曰懈怠者化令精進;五曰心亂者
T17n0820_p0836c20:誨令定意;六曰愚冥者教令至學智度無極;
T17n0820_p0836c21:七曰不知隨時顯權方便——是為七。」
佛於是頌
T17n0820_p0836c22:曰:
T17n0820_p0836c23:T17n0820_p0836c24:T17n0820_p0836c25:T17n0820_p0836c26: T17n0820_p0836c27:隨時菩薩問佛:「何故學者有上、中、下,不悉普
T17n0820_p0836c28:等至大乘乎?」
佛言:「學者其心,見有遠近、解有
T17n0820_p0836c29:深淺、志有優劣,故示三乘。計本無三,假引為
T17n0820_p0837a01:喻。譬如有人為國大臣聰明智慧,王之所重,
T17n0820_p0837a02:參[1]誼國事,一以委託不懷疑慮。[2]又斯大臣
T17n0820_p0837a03:有三親友:一曰太子;二曰尊者;三曰凡人。大
T17n0820_p0837a04:臣舉治國之[3]政頗有漏失,眾人[4]潛入白之
T17n0820_p0837a05:於王,謂圖[5]逆[6]辟。王聞懷疑,問諸臣曰:『當何
T17n0820_p0837a06:罪之?』諸臣得便各重罪之:或言斫頭,或言截
T17n0820_p0837a07:手斷足,或言割耳及鼻、挑眼去舌。王察眾臣
T17n0820_p0837a08:所議甚重,告曰:『不然!此人明達,偶有小失,不
T17n0820_p0837a09:宜乃爾,當捉閉著獄。』諸臣唯從不敢復言。告
T17n0820_p0837a10:邊臣曰:『速下文書,令收勅臣閉在刑獄。』
「時,凡
T17n0820_p0837a11:親友聞之悲念,欲使出獄,力劣不任,唯以衣
T17n0820_p0837a12:被、飲食所[7]乏,日日供之;亦不能令不見[8]考
T17n0820_p0837a13:治。尊者又聞,心用辛酸,往至其所解喻獄吏,
T17n0820_p0837a14:不令[9]搒笞,痛苦休息,不堪出獄。[10]至太子聞,以
T17n0820_p0837a15:為[11]罔然,『是吾親親無有重罪,眾臣憎之,讒之
T17n0820_p0837a16:於王,不宜取爾。』往詣王所,具陳本末,謂無逆
T17n0820_p0837a17:肆,當用我故願赦其殃。王用愛子,即赦使出
T17n0820_p0837a18:獄,與王相見令業如故。
「其國王者謂如來,其
T17n0820_p0837a19:太子者智慧度無極、善權方便菩薩,逮得無所
T17n0820_p0837a20:從生法忍權慧之宜,乃能得出於三界獄,得
T17n0820_p0837a21:成為佛廣濟眾生。尊者親友謂行淨戒,免三
T17n0820_p0837a22:惡趣不[12]助三界,可受天上、人間福,不得至道。
T17n0820_p0837a23:凡知友者謂布施業,此適能脫餓鬼之界,不
T17n0820_p0837a24:免地獄、畜生之厄。所以者何?如其所種各得
T17n0820_p0837a25:其類,發無上正真道意,奉於大慈無極大哀,
T17n0820_p0837a26:開化一切故,得至佛道;本[13]典大道不達深法,
T17n0820_p0837a27:不解進退中止自廢,故為緣覺;畏生死難、往返
T17n0820_p0837a28:周旋,但欲自濟,不念苦人故,墮聲聞。各隨本
T17n0820_p0837a29:[14]行而獲致之。」
說是經時,給孤獨[15]氏居士、五
T17n0820_p0837b01:百長者,皆發無上正真道意。有數千人遠塵
T17n0820_p0837b02:離垢,諸法眼生。箜篌樂器不鼓自鳴,飛鳥走
T17n0820_p0837b03:獸相和悲聲。當是之時,莫不歡喜自歸佛者。
T17n0820_p0837b04:居士復問:「初學道者始以何志?」
佛言:「先習五
T17n0820_p0837b05:戒,自歸於三。何謂五戒?一曰慈心[16]恩仁不殺;
T17n0820_p0837b06:二曰清廉節用不盜;三者貞良鮮潔[17]不染;四
T17n0820_p0837b07:曰篤信性和不欺;五曰要達志明不亂。何謂
T17n0820_p0837b08:三自歸?一曰歸佛無上正真;二曰歸法以自
T17n0820_p0837b09:御心;三曰歸眾,聖眾之中所受廣大,猶如大
T17n0820_p0837b10:海靡所不包。復有四[18]法:一曰道跡;二曰往
T17n0820_p0837b11:還;三曰不還;四曰無著。緣覺至佛無上大道,
T17n0820_p0837b12:得天、人身皆由之生。次行四等、四恩、四辯、六
T17n0820_p0837b13:度無極、大慈大哀,得成大道。前知無窮却覩
T17n0820_p0837b14:無極,教訓十方何智不逮?」
阿難問曰:「此經何
T17n0820_p0837b15:名?云何奉行?」
佛言:「名曰『解俗家業三品之財
T17n0820_p0837b16:出家修道無上正真』,其要號曰『演道俗業』。」
佛
T17n0820_p0837b17:說如是,賢者阿難,給孤獨居士、五百清信士,
T17n0820_p0837b18:莫不歡喜。