大品第[12]一(有二十五經)(第三[13]一日誦名念)
T01n0026_p0607b27:[14](有二品合有二十五經)
T01n0026_p0607b28:T01n0026_p0607b29:T01n0026_p0607c01:T01n0026_p0607c02:T01n0026_p0607c03: T01n0026_p0607c04:(一一七)[15]中阿含大品[16]柔軟經第一
T01n0026_p0607c05:我聞如是:
一時,佛遊舍衛國,在勝林給孤
T01n0026_p0607c06:獨園。
爾時,世尊告諸比丘:「自我昔日出家學
T01n0026_p0607c07:道,為從優遊、[17]從容閑樂、極柔輭來,我在父
T01n0026_p0607c08:王悅頭檀家時,為我造作種種宮殿,春殿、
T01n0026_p0607c09:夏殿及以冬殿,為我好遊戲故。去殿不遠,
T01n0026_p0607c10:復造種種若干華池,青蓮華池、紅蓮華池、赤
T01n0026_p0607c11:蓮華池、白蓮華池。於彼池中[18]殖種種水華、
T01n0026_p0607c12:青蓮華、紅蓮華、赤蓮華、白蓮華,常水常華,
T01n0026_p0607c13:使人守護,不通一切,為我好遊戲故。於
T01n0026_p0607c14:其池岸[*]殖種種陸華,修摩那華、婆師華、瞻
T01n0026_p0607c15:蔔華、修揵提華、摩頭揵提華、阿提牟多華、波羅
T01n0026_p0607c16:[19]頭華,為我好遊戲故。而使四人沐浴於
T01n0026_p0607c17:我,沐浴我已,赤旃檀香用塗我身,香塗身
T01n0026_p0607c18:已,著新繒衣,上下、內外、表裏皆新,晝夜常以
T01n0026_p0607c19:繖蓋覆我,莫令太子夜為露所沾,晝為日
T01n0026_p0607c20:所炙。如常他家麁[20]𪍿、麥飯、豆羹、薑菜,為第
T01n0026_p0607c21:一食,如是我父悅頭檀家最下使人,粳粮餚
T01n0026_p0607c22:饌為第一食。
「復次,若有野田禽獸,最美禽
T01n0026_p0607c23:獸,提帝[21]邏惒吒、劫賓闍邏、[22]奚米何犁泥奢[23]
T01n0026_p0607c24:施羅米,如是野田禽獸,最美禽獸,常為我設
T01n0026_p0607c25:如是之食。
「我憶昔時父悅頭檀家,於夏四
T01n0026_p0607c26:月昇正殿上,無有男子,唯有女妓而自娛
T01n0026_p0607c27:樂,初不來下,我欲出至園觀之時,三十名
T01n0026_p0607c28:騎,簡選上乘,鹵簿前後,侍從導引,況復其餘?
T01n0026_p0607c29:我有是如意足,此最柔軟。
「我復憶昔時看田
T01n0026_p0608a01:作人止息田上,往詣閻浮樹下,結跏趺坐,
T01n0026_p0608a02:離欲、離惡不善之法,有覺、有觀,離生喜、樂,
T01n0026_p0608a03:得初禪成就遊。我作是念:『不多聞愚癡凡
T01n0026_p0608a04:夫自有病法,不離於病,見他人病,憎惡薄
T01n0026_p0608a05:賤、不愛不[1]喜,不自觀己。』我復作是念:『我自
T01n0026_p0608a06:有病法,不離於病,若我見他病而憎惡薄
T01n0026_p0608a07:賤,不愛不[*]喜者,我不宜然,我亦有是法故。』
T01n0026_p0608a08:如是觀已,因不病起貢高者,即便自滅。我
T01n0026_p0608a09:復作是念:『不多聞愚癡凡夫自有老法,不
T01n0026_p0608a10:離於老,見他人老,憎惡薄賤,不愛不[*]喜,不
T01n0026_p0608a11:自觀己。』
「我復作是念:『我自有老法,不離於
T01n0026_p0608a12:老,若我見他老而憎惡薄賤、不愛不喜者,我
T01n0026_p0608a13:不宜然,我亦有是法故。』如是觀已,若因
T01n0026_p0608a14:壽起貢高者,即便自滅。不多聞愚癡凡夫
T01n0026_p0608a15:為不病貢高豪貴放逸,因欲生癡,不行梵
T01n0026_p0608a16:行。不多聞愚癡凡夫為少壯貢高豪貴放
T01n0026_p0608a17:逸,因欲生癡,不行梵行。不多聞愚癡凡夫
T01n0026_p0608a18:為壽貢高豪貴放逸,因欲生癡,不行梵行。」
T01n0026_p0608a19:於是,世尊即說頌曰:
T01n0026_p0608a20:T01n0026_p0608a21:T01n0026_p0608a22:T01n0026_p0608a23:T01n0026_p0608a24:T01n0026_p0608a25:T01n0026_p0608a26:T01n0026_p0608a27:T01n0026_p0608a28: T01n0026_p0608a29:佛說如是。彼諸比丘聞佛所說,歡喜奉行。
T01n0026_p0608b01:[2]柔軟經第一竟[3](七百九十一字)
T01n0026_p0608b02:(一一八)[4]中阿含大品[5]龍象經第二[6](第三念誦)
T01n0026_p0608b03:我聞如是:
一時,佛遊舍衛國,在[7]東園鹿子
T01n0026_p0608b04:母堂。
爾時,世尊則於晡時從[8]宴坐起,堂上
T01n0026_p0608b05:來下,告曰:「烏陀夷!共汝往至東河澡浴。」
尊
T01n0026_p0608b06:者烏陀夷白曰:「唯然。」
於是,世尊將尊者烏陀
T01n0026_p0608b07:夷往至東河,脫衣岸上,便入水浴,浴已還
T01n0026_p0608b08:出,拭體著衣。
爾時,[9]波斯匿王有龍象,名曰
T01n0026_p0608b09:[10]念,作一切妓樂,歷[11]度東河。眾人見已,便
T01n0026_p0608b10:作是說:「是龍中龍,為大龍王,為是誰[12]耶?」
T01n0026_p0608b11:尊者[13]烏陀夷叉手向佛,白曰:「世尊!象受大
T01n0026_p0608b12:身,眾人見已,便作是說:『是龍中龍,為大龍王,
T01n0026_p0608b13:為是誰[*]耶?』」
世尊告曰:「如是。烏陀夷!如是。
T01n0026_p0608b14:烏陀夷!象受大身,眾人見已,便作是說:『是
T01n0026_p0608b15:龍中龍,為大龍王,為是誰[*]耶?』烏陀夷!馬、駱
T01n0026_p0608b16:駝、牛、驢、胸行、人、樹,生大形,[14]烏陀夷!眾人見
T01n0026_p0608b17:已,便作是說:『是龍中龍,為大龍王,為是誰
T01n0026_p0608b18:[*]耶?』烏陀夷!若有世間,天及魔、梵、沙門、梵志,
T01n0026_p0608b19:從人至天,不以身、口、意害者,我說彼是龍。
T01n0026_p0608b20:烏陀夷!如來於世間,天及魔、梵、沙門、梵志,從
T01n0026_p0608b21:人至天,不以身、口、意害,是故我名龍。」
於是,
T01n0026_p0608b22:尊者烏陀夷叉手向佛,白曰:「世尊!唯願世尊
T01n0026_p0608b23:加我威力,善逝加我威力,令我在佛前,以
T01n0026_p0608b24:龍相應[15]頌頌讚世尊。」
世尊告曰:「隨汝所欲。」
T01n0026_p0608b25:於是,尊者烏陀夷在於佛前,以龍相應頌
T01n0026_p0608b26:讚世尊曰:
T01n0026_p0608b27:T01n0026_p0608b28:T01n0026_p0608b29:T01n0026_p0608c01:T01n0026_p0608c02:T01n0026_p0608c03:T01n0026_p0608c04:T01n0026_p0608c05:T01n0026_p0608c06:T01n0026_p0608c07:T01n0026_p0608c08:T01n0026_p0608c09:T01n0026_p0608c10:T01n0026_p0608c11:T01n0026_p0608c12:T01n0026_p0608c13:T01n0026_p0608c14:T01n0026_p0608c15:T01n0026_p0608c16:T01n0026_p0608c17:T01n0026_p0608c18:T01n0026_p0608c19:T01n0026_p0608c20:T01n0026_p0608c21:T01n0026_p0608c22:T01n0026_p0608c23:T01n0026_p0608c24:T01n0026_p0608c25:T01n0026_p0608c26:T01n0026_p0608c27:T01n0026_p0608c28:T01n0026_p0608c29:T01n0026_p0609a01:T01n0026_p0609a02: T01n0026_p0609a03:佛說如是。尊者烏陀夷聞佛所說,歡喜奉
T01n0026_p0609a04:行。
T01n0026_p0609a05:[1]龍象經第二竟[2](七百三十字)
T01n0026_p0609a06:(一一九)[3]中阿含大品[4]說處經第三[5](第三念
T01n0026_p0609a07:誦)
T01n0026_p0609a08:我聞如是:
一時,佛遊舍衛國,在勝林給孤
T01n0026_p0609a09:獨園。
爾時,世尊告諸比丘:「此有三說處,無
T01n0026_p0609a10:四無五。若比丘見已,因彼故說而說我見、
T01n0026_p0609a11:聞、識、知,比丘說而說是我所知。云何為三?
T01n0026_p0609a12:比丘,因過去世說,而說如是過去世時有;
T01n0026_p0609a13:比丘!因未來世說,而說如是未來世時有;
T01n0026_p0609a14:比丘!因現在世說,而說如是現在世時有;
T01n0026_p0609a15:是謂三說處,無四無五。若比丘見已,因
T01n0026_p0609a16:彼故說而說我見、聞、識、知,比丘說而說是我
T01n0026_p0609a17:所知,因所說善習得義,因不說不善習
T01n0026_p0609a18:得義。
「賢聖弟子兩耳一心聽法,彼兩耳一心
T01n0026_p0609a19:聽法已,斷一法、修一法、一法作證,彼斷一
T01n0026_p0609a20:法、修一法、一法作證已,便得正定。賢聖弟子
T01n0026_p0609a21:心得正定已,便斷一切婬、怒、癡,賢聖弟子
T01n0026_p0609a22:如是得心解脫。解脫已便知解脫,我生已
T01n0026_p0609a23:盡,梵行已立,所作已辦,不更受有,知如真。
T01n0026_p0609a24:因其所說有四處,當以觀人,此賢者可共
T01n0026_p0609a25:說、不可共說?若使此賢者[6]一向論、不一向
T01n0026_p0609a26:答者,分別論、不分別答者,詰論、不詰答者,
T01n0026_p0609a27:止論、不止答者,如是此賢者不得共說,亦
T01n0026_p0609a28:不得共論。若使此賢者一向論、[7]使一向答
T01n0026_p0609a29:者,分別論、分別答者,詰論、詰答者,止論、止答
T01n0026_p0609b01:者,如是此賢者得共說,亦得共論。
「復次,因
T01n0026_p0609b02:其所說,更有四處,當以觀人,此賢者可共
T01n0026_p0609b03:說、不可共說?若使此賢者於處、非處不住
T01n0026_p0609b04:者,所知不住者,說喻不住者,道跡不住者,
T01n0026_p0609b05:如是此賢者不可共說,亦不可共論。若此
T01n0026_p0609b06:賢者於處、非處住者,所知住者,說喻住者,道
T01n0026_p0609b07:跡住者,如是此賢者可得共說,亦可得共
T01n0026_p0609b08:論。因所說時止息口行,捨已所見,捨怨結
T01n0026_p0609b09:意,捨欲、捨恚、捨癡、捨慢、捨不語、捨慳嫉、
T01n0026_p0609b10:不求勝、不伏他,莫取所失,說義說法。
T01n0026_p0609b11:說義說法已,教復教止,自歡喜、令彼歡喜,
T01n0026_p0609b12:如是說義,如是說事,是聖說義,是聖說事,
T01n0026_p0609b13:謂至竟漏盡。」
於是,世尊說此頌曰:
T01n0026_p0609b14:T01n0026_p0609b15:T01n0026_p0609b16:T01n0026_p0609b17:T01n0026_p0609b18:T01n0026_p0609b19:T01n0026_p0609b20:T01n0026_p0609b21:T01n0026_p0609b22:T01n0026_p0609b23:T01n0026_p0609b24:T01n0026_p0609b25:T01n0026_p0609b26:T01n0026_p0609b27:T01n0026_p0609b28: T01n0026_p0609b29:佛說如是。彼諸比丘聞佛所說,歡喜奉行。
T01n0026_p0609c01:[10]說處經第三竟[11](七百二十三字)
T01n0026_p0609c02:(一二〇)[12]中阿含大品[13]說無常經第四[14](第三
T01n0026_p0609c03:念誦)
T01n0026_p0609c04:我聞如是:
一時,佛遊舍衛國,在勝林給孤
T01n0026_p0609c05:獨園。
爾時,世尊告諸比丘:「色者無常,無常則
T01n0026_p0609c06:苦,苦則非神。覺亦無常,無常則苦,苦則非神。
T01n0026_p0609c07:想亦無常,無常則苦,苦則非神。行亦無常,無
T01n0026_p0609c08:常則苦,苦則非神。識亦無常,無常則苦,苦則
T01n0026_p0609c09:非神。是為色無常,覺、想、行、識無常,無常則苦,
T01n0026_p0609c10:苦則非神。多聞聖弟子作如是觀,修習[15]七
T01n0026_p0609c11:道品,無礙正思正念,彼如是知、如是見,欲
T01n0026_p0609c12:漏心解脫,有漏、無明漏心解脫,解脫已,便
T01n0026_p0609c13:知解脫,[16]我生已盡,梵行已立,所作已辦,不
T01n0026_p0609c14:更受有,知如真。若有眾生及九眾生居,乃
T01n0026_p0609c15:至有想無想處行餘第一有,於其中間是第
T01n0026_p0609c16:一、是大、是勝、是最、是尊、是妙,謂世中[17]阿羅訶。
T01n0026_p0609c17:所以者何?世中阿羅訶得安隱快樂。」
於是,世
T01n0026_p0609c18:尊說此頌曰:
T01n0026_p0609c19:T01n0026_p0609c20:T01n0026_p0609c21:T01n0026_p0609c22:T01n0026_p0609c23:T01n0026_p0609c24:T01n0026_p0609c25:T01n0026_p0609c26:T01n0026_p0609c27:T01n0026_p0609c28:T01n0026_p0609c29:T01n0026_p0610a01:T01n0026_p0610a02:T01n0026_p0610a03:T01n0026_p0610a04:T01n0026_p0610a05: T01n0026_p0610a06:佛說如是。彼諸比丘聞佛所說,歡喜奉行。
T01n0026_p0610a07:[1]說無常經第四竟[2](四百一十三字)
T01n0026_p0610a08:(一二一)[3]中阿含大品[4]請請經第五(下一請字[5]音慈井反)
T01n0026_p0610a09:[6](第三念誦)
T01n0026_p0610a10:我聞如是:
一時,佛遊王舍城,在竹林加蘭
T01n0026_p0610a11:哆園,與大比丘眾五百人俱,共受夏坐。
爾
T01n0026_p0610a12:時,世尊月十五日,說從解脫相請請時,在比
T01n0026_p0610a13:丘眾前敷座而坐,告諸比丘:「我是梵志,而
T01n0026_p0610a14:得滅訖,無上醫王,我今受身,最是後邊。我
T01n0026_p0610a15:是梵志,得滅訖後,無上醫王,我今受身,最是
T01n0026_p0610a16:後邊。謂汝等輩是我真子,從口而生,法法所
T01n0026_p0610a17:化。謂汝等輩是我真子,從口而生,法法所
T01n0026_p0610a18:化,汝當教化,轉相教訶。」
爾時,尊者舍梨子亦
T01n0026_p0610a19:在眾中。於是,尊者舍梨子即從[7]坐起,偏袒
T01n0026_p0610a20:著衣,叉手向佛,白曰:「世尊![8]嚮之所說:『我是
T01n0026_p0610a21:梵志,而得滅訖,無上醫王,我今受身,最是後
T01n0026_p0610a22:邊。我是梵志,得滅訖後,無上醫王,我今受
T01n0026_p0610a23:身,最是後邊。謂汝等輩是我真子,從口而生,
T01n0026_p0610a24:法法所化。謂汝等輩是我真子,從口而生,法
T01n0026_p0610a25:法所化,汝當教化,轉相教訶。』世尊!諸不調
T01n0026_p0610a26:者令得調御,諸不息者令得止息,諸不度
T01n0026_p0610a27:者而令得度,諸不解脫者令得解脫,諸不
T01n0026_p0610a28:滅訖者令得滅訖,未得道者令其得道,不
T01n0026_p0610a29:施設梵[9]行令施設梵行。知道、覺道、識道、
T01n0026_p0610b01:說道,世尊弟子於後得法,受教、受訶、受教、
T01n0026_p0610b02:訶已,隨世尊語,即便趣行,得如其意,善
T01n0026_p0610b03:知正法。唯然,世尊不嫌我身、口、意行耶?」
T01n0026_p0610b04:彼時,世尊告曰:「舍梨子!我不嫌汝身、口、意
T01n0026_p0610b05:行。所以者何?舍梨子!汝有聰慧、大慧、速慧、
T01n0026_p0610b06:捷慧、利慧、廣慧、深慧、出要慧、明達慧。舍梨子!
T01n0026_p0610b07:汝成就實慧。舍梨子!猶轉輪王而有太子,
T01n0026_p0610b08:不越教已,則便受拜父王所傳,而能復
T01n0026_p0610b09:傳。如是,舍梨子!我所轉法輪,汝復能轉。
T01n0026_p0610b10:舍梨子!是故我不嫌汝身、口、意行。」
尊者舍
T01n0026_p0610b11:梨子復再叉手向佛,白曰:「唯然。世尊不嫌
T01n0026_p0610b12:我身、口、意行;世尊不嫌此五百比丘身、口、
T01n0026_p0610b13:意行耶?」
世尊告曰:「舍梨子!我亦不嫌此
T01n0026_p0610b14:五百比丘身、口、意行。所以者何?舍梨子!此五
T01n0026_p0610b15:百比丘,盡得無著,諸漏已盡,梵行已立,所作
T01n0026_p0610b16:已辦,重擔已捨,有結已盡,而得善義正智
T01n0026_p0610b17:正解脫。唯除一比丘,我亦本已記於現法
T01n0026_p0610b18:中得究竟智,生已盡,梵行已立,所作已辦,
T01n0026_p0610b19:不更受有,知如真。舍梨子!是故我不嫌此
T01n0026_p0610b20:五百比丘身、口、意行。」
尊者舍梨子復三叉手
T01n0026_p0610b21:向佛,白曰:「唯然。世尊不嫌我身、口、意行;亦
T01n0026_p0610b22:不嫌此五百比丘身、口、意行。世尊!此五百比
T01n0026_p0610b23:丘,幾比丘得三明達?幾比丘得俱解脫?幾
T01n0026_p0610b24:比丘得慧解脫耶?」
世尊告曰:「舍梨子!此五
T01n0026_p0610b25:百比丘,九十比丘得三明達,九十比丘得俱
T01n0026_p0610b26:解脫,餘比丘得慧解脫。舍梨子!此眾無枝無
T01n0026_p0610b27:葉,亦無節[10]戾,清淨真實,得正住立。」
爾時,尊
T01n0026_p0610b28:者[11]傍耆舍亦在眾中。於是,尊者傍耆舍即
T01n0026_p0610b29:從[*]坐起,偏袒著衣,叉手向佛,白曰:「唯然。世
T01n0026_p0610c01:尊加我威力,唯願善逝加我威力,令我在
T01n0026_p0610c02:佛及比丘眾前,以如義相應而作讚頌。」
世
T01n0026_p0610c03:尊告曰:「傍耆舍!隨汝所欲。」
於是,尊者傍耆
T01n0026_p0610c04:舍在佛及比丘眾前,以如義相應而讚頌
T01n0026_p0610c05:曰:
T01n0026_p0610c06:T01n0026_p0610c07:T01n0026_p0610c08:T01n0026_p0610c09:T01n0026_p0610c10:T01n0026_p0610c11:T01n0026_p0610c12:T01n0026_p0610c13:T01n0026_p0610c14:T01n0026_p0610c15:T01n0026_p0610c16:T01n0026_p0610c17:T01n0026_p0610c18:T01n0026_p0610c19: T01n0026_p0610c20:佛說如是。彼諸比丘聞佛所說,歡喜奉行。
T01n0026_p0610c21:[15]請請經第五竟[16](千一十三字)
T01n0026_p0610c22:(一二二)[17]中阿含大品[18]瞻波經第六[19](第三念
T01n0026_p0610c23:誦)
T01n0026_p0610c24:我聞如是:
一時,佛遊[20]瞻波,在恒伽池邊。
T01n0026_p0610c25:爾時,世尊月十五日說從解脫時,於比丘眾
T01n0026_p0610c26:前敷座而坐。世尊坐已,即便入定,以他心
T01n0026_p0610c27:智觀察眾心,觀眾心已,至初夜竟,默然而
T01n0026_p0610c28:坐。於是,有一比丘即從[21]坐起,偏袒著衣,
T01n0026_p0610c29:叉手向佛,白曰:「世尊!初夜已訖,佛及比丘眾
T01n0026_p0611a01:集坐來久,唯願世尊說從解脫。」爾時,世尊默
T01n0026_p0611a02:然不答。於是,世尊復至中夜默然而坐。
彼
T01n0026_p0611a03:一比丘再從[*]坐起,偏袒著衣,叉手向佛,白
T01n0026_p0611a04:曰:「世尊!初夜已過,中夜將訖,佛及比丘眾集
T01n0026_p0611a05:坐來久,唯願世尊說從解脫。」世尊亦再默
T01n0026_p0611a06:然不答。於是,世尊復至後夜默然而坐。
T01n0026_p0611a07:彼一比丘三從坐起,偏袒著衣,叉手向佛,
T01n0026_p0611a08:白曰:「世尊!初夜既過,中夜[1]復訖,後夜垂盡,
T01n0026_p0611a09:將向欲明,明出不久,佛及比丘眾集坐極
T01n0026_p0611a10:久,唯願世尊說從解脫。」
爾時,世尊告彼比
T01n0026_p0611a11:丘:「於此眾中有一比丘已為不淨。」
彼時,尊
T01n0026_p0611a12:者大目揵連亦在眾中。於是,尊者大目揵連
T01n0026_p0611a13:便作是念:「世尊為何比丘而說此眾中有
T01n0026_p0611a14:一比丘已為不淨?我寧可入如其[2]像定,
T01n0026_p0611a15:以如其像定他心之智觀察眾心。」
尊者大目
T01n0026_p0611a16:揵連即入如其[*]像定,以如其[*]像定他心之
T01n0026_p0611a17:智觀察眾心,尊者大目揵連便知世尊所
T01n0026_p0611a18:為比丘說此眾中有一比丘已為不淨。於
T01n0026_p0611a19:是,尊者大目揵連即從定起,至彼比丘前,
T01n0026_p0611a20:牽臂將出,開門置外:「癡人遠去,莫於此住,
T01n0026_p0611a21:不復得與比丘眾會,從今已去,非是比丘。」
T01n0026_p0611a22:閉門下[3]鑰,還詣佛所,稽首佛足,却坐一面,
T01n0026_p0611a23:白曰:「世尊所為比丘說此眾中有一比丘
T01n0026_p0611a24:已為不淨者,我已逐出。世尊!初夜既過,中夜
T01n0026_p0611a25:復訖,後夜垂盡,將向欲明,明出不久,佛及
T01n0026_p0611a26:比丘眾集坐極久,唯願世尊說從解脫。」
世尊
T01n0026_p0611a27:告曰:「大目揵連!彼愚癡人當得大罪,觸嬈
T01n0026_p0611a28:世尊及比丘眾。大目揵連!若使如來在不淨
T01n0026_p0611a29:眾說從解脫者,彼人則便頭破七分。是故,
T01n0026_p0611b01:大目揵連!汝等從今已後說從解脫,如來
T01n0026_p0611b02:不復說從解脫。所以者何?如是,大目揵連!
T01n0026_p0611b03:或有癡人正知出入,善觀分別,屈[4]申低仰,
T01n0026_p0611b04:儀容庠序,善著[5]僧伽梨及諸衣鉢,行住坐
T01n0026_p0611b05:臥、眠[6]寤語默,皆正知之,似如真梵行,至諸
T01n0026_p0611b06:真梵行所,彼或不知。大目揵連!若諸梵行知
T01n0026_p0611b07:者,便作是念:『是沙門污,是沙門辱,是沙門憎,
T01n0026_p0611b08:是沙門刺。』知已,便當共[7]擯棄之。所以者何?
T01n0026_p0611b09:莫令污染諸梵行者。
「大目揵連!猶如居士
T01n0026_p0611b10:有良稻田,或有麥田,生草名穢麥,其根相
T01n0026_p0611b11:似,莖、節、葉、花皆亦似麥,後生實已,居士見
T01n0026_p0611b12:之,便作是念:『是麥污辱,是麥憎刺。』知已便拔,
T01n0026_p0611b13:擲棄於外。所以者何?莫令污穢餘真好麥。
T01n0026_p0611b14:如是,大目揵連!或有癡人正知出入,善觀
T01n0026_p0611b15:分別,屈[8]伸低仰,儀容庠序,善著僧伽梨及諸
T01n0026_p0611b16:衣鉢,行住坐臥、眠[*]寤語默,皆正知之,似如
T01n0026_p0611b17:真梵行,至諸真梵行所,彼或不知。大目揵
T01n0026_p0611b18:連!若諸梵行知者,便作是念:『是沙門污,是沙
T01n0026_p0611b19:門辱,是沙門憎,是沙門刺。』知已,便當共[*]擯
T01n0026_p0611b20:棄之。所以者何?莫令污染諸梵行者。
「大目
T01n0026_p0611b21:揵連!猶如居士秋時[9]揚穀,穀聚之中若有
T01n0026_p0611b22:成實者,[*]揚便止住,若不成實及粃糠者,便
T01n0026_p0611b23:隨風去,居士見已,即持掃箒,掃治令淨。所
T01n0026_p0611b24:以者何?莫令污雜餘淨好稻。如是,大目揵
T01n0026_p0611b25:連!或有癡人正知出入,善觀分別,屈[*]伸低
T01n0026_p0611b26:仰,儀容庠序,善著僧伽梨及諸衣鉢,行住坐
T01n0026_p0611b27:臥、眠[*]寤語默,皆正知之,似如真梵行,至諸
T01n0026_p0611b28:真梵行所,彼或不知。大目揵連!若諸梵行知
T01n0026_p0611b29:者,便作是念:『是沙門污,是沙門辱,是沙門
T01n0026_p0611c01:憎,是沙門刺。』知已,便當共[*]擯棄之。所以者
T01n0026_p0611c02:何?莫令污染諸梵行者。
「大目揵連!猶如居
T01n0026_p0611c03:士為過泉水故,作通水槽,持斧入林,扣打
T01n0026_p0611c04:諸樹,若堅實者,其聲便小,若空中者,其聲便
T01n0026_p0611c05:大,居士知已,便斫治節,擬作通水槽。如是,
T01n0026_p0611c06:大目揵連!或有癡人正知出入,善觀分別,屈
T01n0026_p0611c07:[*]伸低仰,儀容庠序,善著僧伽梨及諸衣鉢,
T01n0026_p0611c08:行住坐臥、眠[*]寤語默,皆正知之,似如真梵
T01n0026_p0611c09:行,至諸真梵行所,彼或不知。大目揵連!若
T01n0026_p0611c10:諸梵行知者,便作是念:『是沙門污,是沙門辱,
T01n0026_p0611c11:是沙門憎,是沙門刺。』知已,便當共[*]擯棄之。
T01n0026_p0611c12:所以者何?莫令污染諸梵行者。」
於是,世尊
T01n0026_p0611c13:說此頌曰:
T01n0026_p0611c14:T01n0026_p0611c15:T01n0026_p0611c16:T01n0026_p0611c17:T01n0026_p0611c18:T01n0026_p0611c19:T01n0026_p0611c20:T01n0026_p0611c21:T01n0026_p0611c22:T01n0026_p0611c23: T01n0026_p0611c24:佛說如是。彼諸比丘聞佛所說,歡喜奉行。
T01n0026_p0611c25:[12]瞻波經第六竟[13](一千三百五十一字)
T01n0026_p0611c26:(一二三)[14]中阿含大品沙門[15]二十億經第七[16](第
T01n0026_p0611c27:三念誦)
T01n0026_p0611c28:我聞如是:
一時,佛遊舍衛國,在勝林給孤
T01n0026_p0611c29:獨園。
爾時,尊者沙門二十億亦遊舍衛國,
T01n0026_p0612a01:在[1]闇林中,前夜、後夜學習不眠,精勤正住,
T01n0026_p0612a02:修習道品。於是,尊者沙門二十億安靜獨住,
T01n0026_p0612a03:宴坐思惟,心作是念:「若有世尊弟子精勤學
T01n0026_p0612a04:習正法、律者,我為第一,然諸漏心不得解
T01n0026_p0612a05:脫。我父母家極大富樂,多有錢財,我今寧可
T01n0026_p0612a06:捨戒罷道行,欲布施修諸福業耶?」
爾時,世
T01n0026_p0612a07:尊以他心智知尊者沙門二十億心之所念,
T01n0026_p0612a08:便告一比丘:「汝往至彼,呼沙門二十億來。」
T01n0026_p0612a09:於是,一比丘白曰:「唯然。」即從[2]坐起,稽首禮
T01n0026_p0612a10:足,遶三匝而去,往至尊者沙門二十億所而
T01n0026_p0612a11:語彼曰:「世尊呼汝!」
尊者沙門二十億聞比
T01n0026_p0612a12:丘語,即詣佛所,稽首作禮,却坐一面。世尊
T01n0026_p0612a13:告曰:「沙門!汝實安靜獨住,宴坐思惟,心作是
T01n0026_p0612a14:念:『若有世尊弟子精勤學習正法、律者,我為
T01n0026_p0612a15:第一,然諸漏心不得解脫。我父母家極大富
T01n0026_p0612a16:樂,多有錢財,我今寧可捨戒罷道行,欲布
T01n0026_p0612a17:施修諸福業耶?』」
彼時,尊者沙門二十億羞耻
T01n0026_p0612a18:慙愧,則無無畏。「世尊知我心之所念。」叉手
T01n0026_p0612a19:向佛,白曰:「實爾。」
世尊告曰:「沙門!我今問汝,
T01n0026_p0612a20:隨所解答。於意云何?汝在家時,善調彈琴,
T01n0026_p0612a21:琴隨歌音,歌隨琴音耶?」
尊者沙門二十億
T01n0026_p0612a22:白曰:「如是。世尊!」
[3]世尊復問:「於意云何?若彈
T01n0026_p0612a23:琴[4]絃急,為有和音可愛樂耶?」
沙門答曰:
T01n0026_p0612a24:「不也。世尊!」
世尊復問:「於意云何?若彈琴[*]絃
T01n0026_p0612a25:緩,為有和音可愛樂耶?」
沙門答曰:「不也。世
T01n0026_p0612a26:尊!」
世尊復問:「於意云何?若彈琴調[*]絃不急
T01n0026_p0612a27:不緩,適得其中,為有和音可愛樂耶?」
沙門
T01n0026_p0612a28:答曰:「如是。世尊!」
世尊告曰:「如是。沙門!極大
T01n0026_p0612a29:精進,令心[5]調亂;不極精進,令心懈怠。是故
T01n0026_p0612b01:汝當分別此時,觀察此相,莫得放逸。」
爾時,
T01n0026_p0612b02:尊者沙門二十億聞佛所說,善受善持,即從
T01n0026_p0612b03:[*]坐起,稽首佛足,繞三匝而去。受佛彈琴喻
T01n0026_p0612b04:教,在遠離獨住,心無放逸,修行精勤。彼在
T01n0026_p0612b05:遠離獨住,心無放逸,修行精勤已,族姓子所
T01n0026_p0612b06:為,剃除鬚髮,著袈裟衣,至信、捨家,無家,學
T01n0026_p0612b07:道者,唯無上梵行訖,於現法中自知自覺,自
T01n0026_p0612b08:作證成就遊,生已盡,梵行已立,所作已辦,不
T01n0026_p0612b09:更受有,知如真。尊者沙門二十億知法已,
T01n0026_p0612b10:至得阿羅訶。彼時,尊者沙門二十億得阿羅
T01n0026_p0612b11:訶已,而作是念:「今正是時,我寧可往詣世
T01n0026_p0612b12:尊所,說得究竟智耶?」
於是,尊者沙門二十
T01n0026_p0612b13:億往詣佛所,稽首作禮,却坐一面,白曰:「世
T01n0026_p0612b14:尊!若有比丘得無所著,諸漏已盡,梵行已
T01n0026_p0612b15:立,所作已辦,重擔已捨,有結已解,自得善
T01n0026_p0612b16:義,正[A2]智正解脫者,彼於爾時樂此六處,樂於
T01n0026_p0612b17:無欲,樂於遠離,樂於無諍,樂於愛盡,樂於
T01n0026_p0612b18:受盡,樂心不移動。世尊!或有一人而作
T01n0026_p0612b19:是念:『此賢者以依信故,樂於無欲者。』不應
T01n0026_p0612b20:如是觀,但欲盡、恚盡、癡盡,是樂於無欲。世
T01n0026_p0612b21:尊!或有一人而作是念:『此賢者以貪利稱
T01n0026_p0612b22:譽求供養故,樂於遠離者。』不應如是觀,
T01n0026_p0612b23:但欲盡、恚盡、癡盡,是樂於遠離。世尊!或有
T01n0026_p0612b24:一人而作是念:『此賢者以依戒故,樂於無
T01n0026_p0612b25:諍者。』不應如是觀,但欲盡、恚盡、癡盡,是樂
T01n0026_p0612b26:於無諍,樂於愛盡,樂於受盡,樂心不移動。
T01n0026_p0612b27:世尊!若有比丘得無所著,諸漏已盡,梵行
T01n0026_p0612b28:已立,所作已辦,重擔已捨,有結已解,自得善
T01n0026_p0612b29:義,正智正解脫者,彼於爾時樂此六處。
「世
T01n0026_p0612c01:尊!若有比丘學未得意,求願無上安隱涅
T01n0026_p0612c02:槃者,彼於爾時成就學根及學戒。彼於後
T01n0026_p0612c03:時,諸漏已盡而得無漏,心解脫、慧解脫,於
T01n0026_p0612c04:現法中自知自覺,自作證成就遊,生已盡,梵
T01n0026_p0612c05:行已立,所作已辦,不更受有,知如真者。彼
T01n0026_p0612c06:於爾時成就無學根及無學戒。世尊!猶幼
T01n0026_p0612c07:少童子,彼於爾時成就小根及小戒,彼於
T01n0026_p0612c08:後時具足學根者,彼於爾時成就學根及
T01n0026_p0612c09:學戒。
「如是,世尊!若有比丘學未得意,求
T01n0026_p0612c10:願無上安隱涅槃者,彼於爾時成就學根
T01n0026_p0612c11:及學戒。彼於後時,諸漏已盡而得無漏,心
T01n0026_p0612c12:解脫、慧解脫,於現法中自知自覺,自作證成
T01n0026_p0612c13:就遊,生已盡,梵行已立,所作已辦,不更受有,
T01n0026_p0612c14:知如真者,彼於爾時成就無學根及無學
T01n0026_p0612c15:戒。[6]彼若有眼所知色與[7]對眼者,不能令
T01n0026_p0612c16:失此心解脫、慧解脫,心在內住,善制守持,觀
T01n0026_p0612c17:[8]興衰法。若有耳所知聲、鼻所知香、舌所知
T01n0026_p0612c18:味、身所知觸、意所知法與對意者,不能
T01n0026_p0612c19:令失此心解脫、慧解脫,心在內住,善制守持,
T01n0026_p0612c20:觀興衰法。
「世尊!猶去村不遠有大石山,不
T01n0026_p0612c21:破不缺不脆,堅住不空合一,若東方有大風
T01n0026_p0612c22:雨來,不能令搖,不動轉移;亦非東方風
T01n0026_p0612c23:移至南方,若南方有大風雨來,不能令
T01n0026_p0612c24:搖,不動轉移;亦非南方風移至西方,若西
T01n0026_p0612c25:方有大風雨來,不能令搖,不動轉移;亦
T01n0026_p0612c26:非西方風移至北方,若北方有大風雨來,
T01n0026_p0612c27:不能令搖,不動轉移;亦非北方風移至諸
T01n0026_p0612c28:方。如是彼若有眼所知色與對眼者,不
T01n0026_p0612c29:能令失此心解脫、慧解脫,心在內住,善制
T01n0026_p0613a01:守持,觀興衰法。若有耳所知聲、鼻所知香、
T01n0026_p0613a02:舌所知味、身所知觸、意所知法與對意者,
T01n0026_p0613a03:不能令失此心解脫、慧解脫,心在內住,善
T01n0026_p0613a04:制守[1]護,觀興衰法。」
於是,尊者沙門二十億
T01n0026_p0613a05:說此頌曰:
T01n0026_p0613a06:T01n0026_p0613a07:T01n0026_p0613a08:T01n0026_p0613a09:T01n0026_p0613a10:T01n0026_p0613a11:T01n0026_p0613a12:T01n0026_p0613a13:T01n0026_p0613a14: T01n0026_p0613a15:尊者沙門二十億於佛前說得究竟智已,
T01n0026_p0613a16:即從[*]坐起,稽首佛足,繞三匝而去。
爾時,世
T01n0026_p0613a17:尊,尊者沙門二十億去後不久,告諸比丘:
T01n0026_p0613a18:「諸族姓子!應如是來於我前說得究竟智,
T01n0026_p0613a19:如沙門二十億來於我前說得究竟智,不
T01n0026_p0613a20:自譽,不慢他,說義現法隨諸處也;莫令
T01n0026_p0613a21:如癡增上慢所纏,來於我前說得究竟智,
T01n0026_p0613a22:彼不得義,但大煩勞。沙門二十億來於我
T01n0026_p0613a23:前說得究竟智,不自譽,不慢他,說義現法
T01n0026_p0613a24:隨諸處也。」
佛說如是。彼諸比丘聞佛所說,
T01n0026_p0613a25:歡喜奉行。
T01n0026_p0613a26:[2]沙門二十億經第七竟[3](一千七百三十九字)
T01n0026_p0613a27:(一二四)[4]中阿含大品[5]八難經第八[6](第三
T01n0026_p0613a28:念誦)
T01n0026_p0613a29:我聞如是:
一時,佛遊舍衛國,在勝林給孤
T01n0026_p0613b01:獨園。
爾時,世尊告諸比丘:「人行梵行而有
T01n0026_p0613b02:八難、八非時也。云何為八?若時如來、無所著、
T01n0026_p0613b03:等正覺、明行成為、善逝、世間解、無上士、道法御、
T01n0026_p0613b04:天人師,號佛、眾祐,出世說法,趣向止息,趣
T01n0026_p0613b05:向滅訖,趣向覺道,為善逝所演。彼人爾時
T01n0026_p0613b06:生地獄中。是謂人行梵行第一難、第一非
T01n0026_p0613b07:時。
「復次,若時如來、無所著、等正覺、明行成為、
T01n0026_p0613b08:善逝、世間解、無上士、道法御、天人師,號佛、眾
T01n0026_p0613b09:祐,出世說法,趣向止息,趣向滅訖,趣向覺
T01n0026_p0613b10:道,為善逝所演。彼人爾時生畜生中,生餓
T01n0026_p0613b11:鬼中,生長壽天中,生在邊國夷狄之中,無
T01n0026_p0613b12:信無恩,無有反復,若無比丘、比丘尼、優婆塞、
T01n0026_p0613b13:優婆夷。是謂人行梵行第五難、第五非時。
「復
T01n0026_p0613b14:次,若時如來、無所著、等正覺、明行成為、善逝、世
T01n0026_p0613b15:間解、無上士、道法御、天人師,號佛、眾祐,出世
T01n0026_p0613b16:說法,趣向止息,趣向滅訖,趣向覺道,為善
T01n0026_p0613b17:逝所演。彼人爾時雖生中國,而聾瘂如羊
T01n0026_p0613b18:鳴,常以手語,不能知說善惡之義。是謂人
T01n0026_p0613b19:行梵行第六難、第六非時。
「復次,若時如來、無
T01n0026_p0613b20:所著、等正覺、明行成為、善逝、世間解、無上士、道
T01n0026_p0613b21:法御、天人師,號佛、眾祐,出世說法,趣向止息,
T01n0026_p0613b22:趣向滅訖,趣向覺道,為善逝所演。彼人爾
T01n0026_p0613b23:時雖生中國,不聾、不瘂、[7]不如羊鳴,不
T01n0026_p0613b24:以手語,又能知說善惡之義,然有邪見及
T01n0026_p0613b25:顛倒見,如是見、如是說:『無施、無齋,無有呪
T01n0026_p0613b26:說,無善惡業,無善惡業報,無此世彼世,
T01n0026_p0613b27:無父無母,世無真人往至善處、善去、善向,
T01n0026_p0613b28:此世彼世自知自覺,自作證成就遊。』是謂人
T01n0026_p0613b29:行梵行第七難、第七非時。
「復次,若時如來、無
T01n0026_p0613c01:所著、等正覺、明行成為、善逝、世間解、無上士、道
T01n0026_p0613c02:法御、天人師,號佛、眾祐,不出於世,亦不說
T01n0026_p0613c03:法,趣向止息,趣向滅訖,趣向覺道,為善逝
T01n0026_p0613c04:所演。彼人爾時生於中國,不聾、不瘂、[8]不
T01n0026_p0613c05:如羊鳴,不以手語,又能知說善惡之義,而
T01n0026_p0613c06:有正見、不顛倒見,如是見、如是說:『有施有
T01n0026_p0613c07:齋,亦有呪說;有善惡業,有善惡業報;有此
T01n0026_p0613c08:世彼世,有父有母;世有真人往至善處,善
T01n0026_p0613c09:去善向,此世彼世自知、自覺、自作證成就遊。』
T01n0026_p0613c10:是謂人行梵行第八難、第八非時。
「人行梵
T01n0026_p0613c11:行有一不難、有一是時。云何人行梵行有
T01n0026_p0613c12:一不難、有一是時?若時如來、無所著、等正覺、
T01n0026_p0613c13:明行成為、善逝、世間解、無上士、道法御、天人師,
T01n0026_p0613c14:號佛、眾祐,出世說法,趣向止息,趣向滅訖,
T01n0026_p0613c15:趣向覺道,為善逝所演。彼人爾時生於中
T01n0026_p0613c16:國,不聾、不瘂、[*]不如羊鳴,不以手語,又能
T01n0026_p0613c17:知說善惡之義,而有正見、不顛倒見,如是
T01n0026_p0613c18:見、如是說:『有施有齋,亦有呪說;有善惡業,
T01n0026_p0613c19:有善惡業報;有此世彼世,有父有母;世有
T01n0026_p0613c20:真人往至善處,善去善向,此世彼世自知、
T01n0026_p0613c21:自覺、自作證成就遊。』是謂人行梵行有一
T01n0026_p0613c22:不難、有一是時。」
於是,世尊說此頌曰:
T01n0026_p0613c23:T01n0026_p0613c24:T01n0026_p0613c25:T01n0026_p0613c26:T01n0026_p0613c27:T01n0026_p0613c28:T01n0026_p0613c29:T01n0026_p0614a01:T01n0026_p0614a02:T01n0026_p0614a03:T01n0026_p0614a04:T01n0026_p0614a05:T01n0026_p0614a06:T01n0026_p0614a07:T01n0026_p0614a08:T01n0026_p0614a09:T01n0026_p0614a10: T01n0026_p0614a11:佛說如是。彼諸比丘聞佛所說,歡喜奉行。
T01n0026_p0614a12:[2]八難經第八竟[3](一千三十三字)
T01n0026_p0614a13:(一二五)[4]中阿含大品[5]貧窮經第九[6](第三念
T01n0026_p0614a14:誦)
T01n0026_p0614a15:我聞如是:
一時,佛遊舍衛國,在勝林給孤
T01n0026_p0614a16:獨園。
爾時,世尊告諸比丘:「世有欲人貧窮,為
T01n0026_p0614a17:大苦[7]耶?」
諸比丘白曰:「爾也。世尊!」
世尊復告
T01n0026_p0614a18:諸比丘曰:「若有欲人貧窮舉貸他家財物,世
T01n0026_p0614a19:中舉貸他家財物,為大苦[*]耶?」
諸比丘白曰:
T01n0026_p0614a20:「爾也。世尊!」
世尊復告諸比丘曰:「若有欲人
T01n0026_p0614a21:舉貸財物,不得時還,[8]白曰:『長息。』世中長息,
T01n0026_p0614a22:為大苦耶?」
諸比丘白曰:「爾也。世尊!」
世尊復
T01n0026_p0614a23:告諸比丘曰:「若有欲人長息不還,財主[9]責
T01n0026_p0614a24:索,世中財主[*]責索,為大苦耶?」
諸比丘白曰:
T01n0026_p0614a25:「爾也。世尊!」
世尊復告諸比丘曰:「若有欲人財
T01n0026_p0614a26:主[*]責索,不能得[10]償,財主數往至彼求索,
T01n0026_p0614a27:世中財主數往至彼求索,為大苦耶?」
諸比丘
T01n0026_p0614a28:白曰:「爾也。世尊!」
世尊復告諸比丘曰:「若有
T01n0026_p0614a29:欲人,財主數往至彼求索,彼故不還,便為
T01n0026_p0614b01:財主之所收縛,世中為財主收縛,為大苦
T01n0026_p0614b02:耶?」
諸比丘白曰:「爾也。世尊!」
「是為世中有欲人
T01n0026_p0614b03:貧窮是大苦,世中有欲人舉貸財物是大苦,
T01n0026_p0614b04:世中有欲人舉貸長息是大苦,世中有欲人
T01n0026_p0614b05:財主[*]責索是大苦,世中有欲人財主數往至
T01n0026_p0614b06:彼求索是大苦,世中有欲人為財主收縛是
T01n0026_p0614b07:大苦。如是若有於此聖法之中,無信於善
T01n0026_p0614b08:法,無禁戒、無博聞、無布施、無智慧於善
T01n0026_p0614b09:法,彼雖多有金、銀、[11]琉璃、水精、摩尼、白珂、螺璧、
T01n0026_p0614b10:珊瑚、[12]琥珀、[13]碼碯、[14]瑇𤦛、[15]硨[16]渠、碧玉、赤石、琁
T01n0026_p0614b11:珠,然彼故貧窮,無有力勢,是我聖法中說
T01n0026_p0614b12:不善貧窮也。
「彼身惡行,口、意惡行,是我聖法
T01n0026_p0614b13:中說不善舉貸也。彼欲覆藏身之惡行,不
T01n0026_p0614b14:自發露,不欲道說,不欲令人訶[17]責,[18]不
T01n0026_p0614b15:順求,欲覆藏口、意惡行,不自發露,不欲
T01n0026_p0614b16:道說,不欲令人訶[*]責,[*]不順求,是我聖法
T01n0026_p0614b17:中說不善長息也。彼或行村邑及村邑外,
T01n0026_p0614b18:諸梵行者見已,便作是說:『諸賢!此人如是作、
T01n0026_p0614b19:如是行、如是惡、如是不淨,是村邑刺。』彼作
T01n0026_p0614b20:是說:『諸賢!我不如是作、不如是行、不如
T01n0026_p0614b21:是惡、不如是不淨,亦非村邑刺,是我聖法
T01n0026_p0614b22:中說不善責索也。』
「彼或在無事處,或在山
T01n0026_p0614b23:林樹下,或在空閑居,念三不善念:欲念、恚
T01n0026_p0614b24:念、害念,是我聖法中說不善數往求索也。
T01n0026_p0614b25:彼作身惡行,口、意惡行,彼作身惡行,口、意惡
T01n0026_p0614b26:行已,因此緣此,身壞命終,必至惡處,生地
T01n0026_p0614b27:獄中,是我聖法中說不善收縛也。我不見
T01n0026_p0614b28:縛更有如是苦、如是重、如是麤、如是不可
T01n0026_p0614b29:樂,如地獄、畜生、餓鬼縛也。此三苦縛,漏盡
T01n0026_p0614c01:阿羅訶比丘已知滅盡,拔其根本,永無來
T01n0026_p0614c02:生。」
於是,世尊說此頌曰:
T01n0026_p0614c03:T01n0026_p0614c04:T01n0026_p0614c05:T01n0026_p0614c06:T01n0026_p0614c07:T01n0026_p0614c08:T01n0026_p0614c09:T01n0026_p0614c10:T01n0026_p0614c11:T01n0026_p0614c12:T01n0026_p0614c13:T01n0026_p0614c14:T01n0026_p0614c15:T01n0026_p0614c16:T01n0026_p0614c17:T01n0026_p0614c18:T01n0026_p0614c19:T01n0026_p0614c20:T01n0026_p0614c21:T01n0026_p0614c22:T01n0026_p0614c23:T01n0026_p0614c24:T01n0026_p0614c25:T01n0026_p0614c26:T01n0026_p0614c27:T01n0026_p0614c28: T01n0026_p0614c29:佛說如是。彼諸比丘聞佛所說,歡喜奉行。
T01n0026_p0615a01:[1]貧窮經第九竟[2](一千一十字)
T01n0026_p0615a02:中阿含經卷第二十九[3](八千八百三字)[4]